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We conducted a nested case\u2013control study to examine factors associated with acceptance of home\u2010based HIV<\/jats:styled-content> testing and counselling (HB<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010HTC<\/jats:styled-content>) delivered by community HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010care providers (CH<\/jats:styled-content>iPs) in PopART<\/jats:styled-content> intervention communities.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>Of 295 447 individuals who were offered testing, random samples of individuals who declined HB<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010HTC<\/jats:styled-content> (cases) and accepted HB<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010HTC<\/jats:styled-content> (controls), stratified by gender and community, were selected. Odds ratios comparing cases and controls were estimated using multivariable logistic regression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Data from 642 participants (313 cases, 329 controls) were analysed. There were no differences between cases and controls by demographic or behavioural characteristics including age, marital or socio\u2010economic position. Participants who felt they could be open with CH<\/jats:styled-content>iPs (AOR<\/jats:styled-content>: 0.46, 95% CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 0.30\u20130.71, P<\/jats:italic> < 0.001); self\u2010reported as not previously tested (AOR<\/jats:styled-content>: 0.64; 95% CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 0.43\u20130.95, P<\/jats:italic> = 0.03); considered HTC<\/jats:styled-content> at home to be convenient (AOR<\/jats:styled-content>: 0.38, 95% CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 0.27\u20130.54, P<\/jats:italic> = 0.001); knowing others who had accepted HB<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010HTC<\/jats:styled-content> from the CH<\/jats:styled-content>iPs (AOR<\/jats:styled-content>: 0.49, 95% CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 0.31\u20130.77, P<\/jats:italic> = 0.002); or were motivated to get treatment without delay (AOR<\/jats:styled-content>: 0.60, 95% CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 0.43\u20130.85, P<\/jats:italic> = 0.004) were less likely to decline the offer of HB<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010HCT<\/jats:styled-content>. Those who self\u2010reported high\u2010risk sexual behaviour were also less likely to decline HB<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010HCT<\/jats:styled-content> (AOR<\/jats:styled-content>: 0.61, 95% CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 0.39\u20130.93, P<\/jats:italic> = 0.02). Having stigmatising attitudes about HB<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010HTC<\/jats:styled-content> was not an important barrier to HB<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010HCT<\/jats:styled-content> uptake. Men who reported fear of HIV<\/jats:styled-content> were more likely to decline HB<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010HCT<\/jats:styled-content> (AOR<\/jats:styled-content>: 2.68, 95% CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 1.33\u20135.38, P<\/jats:italic> = 0.005).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion<\/jats:title>Acceptance of HB\u2010HTC was associated with lack of previous HIV<\/jats:styled-content> testing, positive attitudes about HIV<\/jats:styled-content> services\/treatment and perception of high sexual risk. Uptake of HB\u2010HCT among those offered it was similar across a range of demographic and behavioural subgroups suggesting it was \u2018universally\u2019 acceptable.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/tmi.13055","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,2]],"date-time":"2018-04-02T14:08:50Z","timestamp":1522678130000},"page":"678-690","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Is home\u2010based HIV<\/scp> testing universally acceptable? Findings from a case\u2013control study nested within the HPTN<\/scp> 071 (PopART<\/scp>) trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"K.","family":"Sabapathy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Mulubwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zambia AIDS Related TB Project Lusaka Zambia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Mathema","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Desmond Tutu TB Centre Department of Paediatric and Child Health Stellenbosch University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Mubekapi\u2010Musadaidzwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Desmond Tutu TB Centre Department of Paediatric and Child Health Stellenbosch University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Schaap","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zambia AIDS Related TB Project Lusaka Zambia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Hoddinott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Desmond Tutu TB Centre Department of Paediatric and Child Health Stellenbosch University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Hargreaves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Floyd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Ayles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine London UK"},{"name":"Zambia AIDS Related TB Project Lusaka Zambia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Hayes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"the HPTN 071 (PopART) Study Team","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","unstructured":"UNAIDS.Fast\u2010track: Ending the AIDS Epidemic by 2030. 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