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Using the published information on HTLV\u20101, ATLL and HAM\/TSP prevalence, we present comprehensive and accurate maps and tables, and developed an algorithm to assist in the prevention of HTLV\u20101 transmission through breastfeeding while considering socio\u2010economic status. Latin America is an interesting scenario to study HTLV\u20101 because of the diverse origin of its population. Apart from the expected high prevalence in inhabitants of African ancestry, the presence of endemic foci affecting indigenous populations is particularly striking. ATLL prevention is the biggest challenge in this field. Most ATLL cases are transmitted through breastfeeding; thus, prevention methods to avoid ATLL in endemic countries have to be focused on this. 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