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Children aged 0\u201359\u00a0months who presented with MSD and seizure constituted the cases whereas those who did not have seizure comprised the controls. MSD was defined if the episodes were associated with dehydration or dysentery or required hospitalisation with diarrhoea or dysentery. All enrolled children were followed up at home within 50\u201390\u00a0days of enrolment. A total of 64 cases and 128 randomly selected controls formed the analysable dataset.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The result of logistic regression analysis after adjusting for potential confounders revealed that shigellosis (<jats:italic>Shigella<\/jats:italic> species, OR\u00a0=\u00a05.34, 95% CI\u00a0=\u00a02.37\u201312.04) particularly <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic> flexneri<\/jats:italic> (OR\u00a0=\u00a03.34, 95% CI\u00a0=\u00a01.48\u20137.57), <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic> flexneri<\/jats:italic> 6 (OR\u00a0=\u00a023.24, 95% CI\u00a0=\u00a02.79\u2013193.85), <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic> sonnei<\/jats:italic> (OR\u00a0=\u00a06.90, 95% CI\u00a0=\u00a02.34\u201319.85); norovirus (OR\u00a0=\u00a06.77, 95% CI\u00a0=\u00a01.69\u201327.11), fever (OR\u00a0=\u00a016.75, 95% CI\u00a0=\u00a01.81\u2013154.70) and loss of consciousness (OR\u00a0=\u00a035.25, 95% CI\u00a0=\u00a01.71\u2013726.20) were the independent risk factors for seizure in MSD children. At enrolment, cases had lower WHZ (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.006) compared to their peers, follow\u2010up anthropometrics showed significant improvement in WHZ (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001) and WAZ (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05), whereas deterioration in HAZ (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001) in both cases and controls.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Childhood MSD episodes particularly due to <jats:italic>Shigella<\/jats:italic> and norovirus are often associated with seizure. Prompt identification and appropriate management of children with shigellosis may reduce occurrence and adverse consequences of seizure linked with MSD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/tmi.13445","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,19]],"date-time":"2020-05-19T22:07:10Z","timestamp":1589926030000},"page":"1032-1042","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Pathogen\u2010specific risk of seizure in children with moderate\u2010to\u2010severe diarrhoea: Case control study with follow\u2010up"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Farzana","family":"Afroze","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition &amp; Clinical Services Division International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Dhaka Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sumon Kumar","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mater Medical Research Institute South Brisbane Australia"},{"name":"Menzies School of Health Research Charles Darwin University Darwin Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shahnawaz","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Queensland Brisbane Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Monira","family":"Sarmin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition &amp; Clinical Services Division International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Dhaka Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nusrat Jahan","family":"Shaly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition &amp; Clinical Services Division International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Dhaka Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Soroar Hossain","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition &amp; Clinical Services Division International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Dhaka Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abu Sadat Mohammad Sayeem Bin","family":"Shahid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition &amp; Clinical Services Division International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Dhaka Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lubaba","family":"Shahrin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition &amp; Clinical Services Division International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Dhaka Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haimanti","family":"Saha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition &amp; Clinical Services Division International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Dhaka Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tahmina","family":"Alam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition &amp; Clinical Services Division International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Dhaka Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abu Syed Golam","family":"Faruque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition &amp; Clinical Services Division International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Dhaka Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K. 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