{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,20]],"date-time":"2025-11-20T12:56:45Z","timestamp":1763643405761,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,8]],"date-time":"2022-02-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1644278400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Tropical Med Int Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate whether maternal common mental disorders (CMD) in the postnatal period are prospectively associated with child development at 2.5 and 3.5\u00a0years in a rural low\u2010income African setting.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study was nested within the <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>\u2010<jats:italic>MaMiE<\/jats:italic> (Child outcomes in relation to Maternal Mental health <jats:bold>i<\/jats:bold>n <jats:bold>E<\/jats:bold>thiopia) population\u2010based cohort in Butajira, Ethiopia, and conducted from 2005 to 2006. The sample comprised of 496 women who had recently given birth to living, singleton babies with recorded birth weight measurements, who were 15 to 44\u00a0years of age, and residing in six rural sub\u2010districts. Postnatal CMD measurements were ascertained 2\u00a0months after delivery. Language, cognitive, and motor development were obtained from the child 2.5 and 3.5\u00a0years after birth using a locally adapted version of the Bayley Scales of Infant Development (3rd Ed). Maternal CMD symptoms were measured using a locally validated WHO Self\u2010Reporting Questionnaire. A linear mixed\u2010effects regression model was used to analyze the relationship between postnatal CMD and child development.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>After adjusting for confounders, there was no evidence for an association between postnatal CMD and overall child development or the cognitive sub\u2010domain in the preschool period. There was no evidence of effect modification by levels of social support, socioeconomic status, stunting, or sex of the child.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Previous studies from predominantly urban and peri\u2010urban settings in middle\u2010income countries have established a relationship between maternal CMD and child development, which contrasts with the findings from this study. The risk and protective factors for child development may differ in areas characterized by high social adversity and food insecurity. More studies are needed to investigate maternal CMD\u2019s impact on child development in low\u2010resource and rural areas.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/tmi.13725","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,26]],"date-time":"2022-01-26T11:47:55Z","timestamp":1643197675000},"page":"251-261","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Common perinatal mental disorders and post\u2010infancy child development in rural Ethiopia: A population\u2010based cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Julia Alexandra","family":"Dunn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King\u2019s Colleges London Centre for Global Mental Health  London UK"},{"name":"Genetic Epidemiology Research Branch, Intramural Research Program National Institute of Mental Health  Bethesda Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Girmay","family":"Medhin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aklilu\u2010Lemma Institute of Pathobiology Addis Ababa University  Addis Ababa Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Dewey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King\u2019s Colleges London Centre for Global Mental Health  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Atalay","family":"Alem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, WHO Collaborating Centre for Mental Health Research and Capacity\u2010Building, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences Addis Ababa University  Addis Ababa Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bogale","family":"Worku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and Community Health Addis Ababa University  Addis Ababa Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Diana","family":"Paksarian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genetic Epidemiology Research Branch, Intramural Research Program National Institute of Mental Health  Bethesda Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Charles R.","family":"Newton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of Oxford  Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Tomlinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Health, Institute for Life Course Health Research Stellenbosch University  Cape Town South Africa"},{"name":"School of Nursing and Midwifery Queens University  Belfast UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Prince","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"King\u2019s College London King\u2019s Global Health Institute  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7937-3226","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Charlotte","family":"Hanlon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King\u2019s Colleges London Centre for Global Mental Health  London UK"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, WHO Collaborating Centre for Mental Health Research and Capacity\u2010Building, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences Addis Ababa University  Addis Ababa Ethiopia"},{"name":"Centre for Innovative Drug Development and Therapeutic Trials for Africa (CDT\u2010Africa) College of Health Sciences Addis Ababa University  Addis Ababa Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)61276-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(14)70361-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","unstructured":"RobertsonE CelasunN StewartDE.Risk factors for postpartum depression. In: Postpartum depression: Literature review of risk factors and interventions.2003. p.63."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.11.091850"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bmb\/ldr047"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-020-03092-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2009.06.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S003329171600283X"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2009.164848"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00737-014-0463-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)61277-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2007.01752.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1745506519844044"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0126929"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-018916"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apnu.2019.01.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00737-003-0024-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(16)30148-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.03.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03014460802043624"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech-2014-205311"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2019.01.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Course of perinatal depressive symptoms among South African women: associations with child outcomes at 18 and 36 months","volume":"54","author":"Garman EC","year":"2019","journal-title":"Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-10-693"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2017-3457"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.88.1.34"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60937-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10567-006-0004-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0012-1649.35.5.1297"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2008.02198.x"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","first-page":"235","article-title":"Establishing an epidemiological field laboratory in rural areas: potentials for public health research and interventions: the Butajira Rural Health Programme 1987\u20131999","volume":"84","author":"Berhane Y","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Ment Defic"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980017003056"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cch.12371"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","unstructured":"AbabaA.Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey 2005 Central Statistical Agency.2006."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.109.076497"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2702.2011.03893.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","unstructured":"BeusenbergM OrleyJH. World Health Organization.A User\u2019s guide to the Self Reporting Questionnaire.1994."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1999.tb10694.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-008-0342-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2007.10.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apnu.2019.01.010"},{"volume-title":"Child and adolescent development: an expanded focus for public health in Africa","year":"2018","author":"Hanlon C","key":"e_1_2_7_43_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-244X-13-274"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.2005.039180"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1745506519844044"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_7_47_1","first-page":"235","article-title":"Home observation for measurement of the environment: a revision of the preschool scale","volume":"84","author":"Bradley RH","year":"1979","journal-title":"Am J Ment Defic"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.11.088187"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_49_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Expert Committee on Nutrition.Physical status: uses and interpretation of anthropometry. WHO Technical Report Series. Geneva;1995."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.77.2.99"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(15)00109-1"},{"volume-title":"Figure of the week: Understanding poverty in Africa [Internet]","year":"2018","author":"Patel N","key":"e_1_2_7_52_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2018-315431"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-4642(17)30024-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1744-9081-4-31"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_7_56_1","first-page":"75","article-title":"The effect of early childhood stunting on children\u2019s cognitive achievements: Evidence from young lives Ethiopia","volume":"31","author":"Woldehanna T","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ethiop J Health Dev"},{"volume-title":"Federal Ministry of Health, The DHS Programme","year":"2019","author":"Institute Ethiopian Public Health","key":"e_1_2_7_57_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqaa163"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291720001464"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-244X-10-32"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-8624.00359"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-7610.00758"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(16)30284-X"},{"volume-title":". Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey 2005","author":"Central Statistical Agency [Ethiopia]","key":"e_1_2_7_64_1"},{"volume-title":"World Health Statistics Overview: Monitoring Health for the SDGs","year":"2019","author":"World Health Organization","key":"e_1_2_7_65_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_66_1","unstructured":"USAID: Global Food Security Initiative.Global Food Security Strategy (GFSS): Ethiopia Country Plan.2018."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)69523-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.2003.019604"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2006.02.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12978-020-01035-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_71_1","unstructured":"Postnatal Care Guidelines. World Health Organization.Postnatal Care for Mothers and Newborns: Highlights from the World Health Organization 2013 Guidelines.2015."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(15)00099-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.b974"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.12.109819"}],"container-title":["Tropical Medicine &amp; International Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/tmi.13725","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/tmi.13725","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/tmi.13725","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,27]],"date-time":"2023-08-27T16:32:11Z","timestamp":1693153931000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/tmi.13725"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,8]]},"references-count":73,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/tmi.13725"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/tmi.13725","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1360-2276","1365-3156"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1360-2276"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1365-3156"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-02-08","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}