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This study was aimed at assessing the effect of malaria, helminthiasis, and co\u2010infection on anaemia, iron, and folate deficiencies in children.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study participants comprised of 1003 children, from whom venous blood and stool samples were obtained. Structured questionnaires were used to assess sociodemographic and household data. Venous blood from children (aged 1\u201315\u2009years) was analysed for malaria parasitaemia and full blood count. Kato Katz and formol ether concentration techniques were used to analyse stool samples for intestinal parasites. Indirect ELISA was performed on the serum samples to determine iron and folate levels.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Overall, malaria and intestinal helminths prevalence were 54.4% (546\/1003) and 15.7% (172\/1003), respectively. <jats:italic>Ascaris lumbricoides<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Taenia<\/jats:italic> spp., hookworm, <jats:italic>Trichuris trichiura<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Strongyloides stercoralis<\/jats:italic> were identified as mono\u2010infection or in co\u2010infection with malaria (11.4%) or intestinal protozoa (1.5%). These prevalence rates were significantly higher in less urbanised northern study sites (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001) and among younger children (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001). Malaria (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0320), intestinal helminths (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001) and malaria\u2010helminthiasis co\u2010infection (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0320) were independent predictors of anaemia. Malaria and intestinal helminths co\u2010infection significantly worsens anaemia (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), folate deficiency (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and iron deficiency (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) compared to those with malaria only.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Malaria and helminthiasis predominantly affect children and are influenced by age, gender, locality, and urbanisation. Co\u2010infection exacerbates the adverse outcomes associated with malaria.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/tmi.70003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,3]],"date-time":"2025-07-03T20:48:28Z","timestamp":1751575708000},"page":"921-936","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Malaria and helminths co\u2010infection\u2014Effects on anaemia, iron and folate deficiencies in paediatric population in Ghana"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Opoku","family":"Bempah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Theoretical and Applied Biology College of Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology  Kumasi Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kwasi Baako","family":"Antwi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Theoretical and Applied Biology College of Science, Kwame Nkrumah 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