{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]],"date-time":"2026-04-06T02:09:19Z","timestamp":1775441359596,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768176000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768176000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001411","name":"Indian Council of Medical Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001411","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Tropical Med Int Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Malaria remains a significant public health challenge in India, with genetic factors potentially influencing both susceptibility and disease severity. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between blood group polymorphisms, \u03b1\u2010globin gene deletions, Complement Receptor 1 (CR1) variants, and Gerbich phenotypes with malaria susceptibility in the Chiplun region of Maharashtra, India.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this case\u2013control study, we enrolled 228 microscopically confirmed malaria cases and 2149 healthy individuals as controls from the Chiplun taluka from Ratnagiri district. ABO and Rh blood group typing was performed using standard tube agglutination techniques. \u03b1\u2010globin gene deletions were analysed using multiplex PCR. CR1 polymorphisms (intron 27 and exon 22) and Gerbich blood group variations were determined using PCR\u2010RFLP and multiplex PCR approaches respectively. Statistical analyses included chi\u2010square tests, Fisher's exact tests, regression analysis and odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Blood group B\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      was associated with increased malaria risk (OR\u2009=\u20091.36, 95% CI: 1.02\u20131.80,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05), whilst A\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      appeared protective (OR\u2009=\u20090.72, 95% CI: 0.52\u20130.99,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Most notably, individuals with homozygous\u2010\u03b1\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u00b7\n                      <jats:sup>7<\/jats:sup>\n                      deletion genotype showed significantly higher malaria susceptibility (OR\u2009=\u20093.33, 95% CI: 2.00\u20135.53,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). No significant associations were observed between Rh phenotypes, CR1 polymorphisms, or Gerbich variants and malaria susceptibility.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Our findings demonstrate significant associations between certain blood group phenotypes and \u03b1\u2010globin genotypes with malaria susceptibility in the population from Chiplun. The strong association of homozygous\u2010\u03b1\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u00b7\n                      <jats:sup>7<\/jats:sup>\n                      deletion with increased malaria risk contradicts the protective effect reported in some populations, highlighting the complex and potentially region\u2010specific nature of genetic factors influencing malaria susceptibility. These results contribute to understanding the genetic epidemiology of malaria in India and may inform targeted public health interventions in similar endemic regions.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/tmi.70083","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T09:40:24Z","timestamp":1768210824000},"page":"435-446","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Genetic Determinants for Vivax Malaria Susceptibility in Chiplun (Ratnagiri), Maharashtra, India: A Case\u2013Control Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Shaikh","family":"Roshan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Transfusion Medicine ICMR\u2014National Institute of Immunohaematology  Mumbai India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0645-6565","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ghosh","family":"Kanjaksha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ICMR\u2014National Institute of Immunohaematology  Mumbai India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Singh","family":"Arti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Taluka Health Officer  Chiplun India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mahadik","family":"Kanchan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Transfusion Medicine ICMR\u2014National Institute of Immunohaematology  Mumbai India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jadhav","family":"Jyoti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Primary Health Centre  Chiplun India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shinde","family":"Shivam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Primary Health Centre  Chiplun India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-4064-4705","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gorakshakar","family":"Ajit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Transfusion Medicine ICMR\u2014National Institute of Immunohaematology  Mumbai India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","volume-title":"World Malaria Report 2023","author":"World Malaria Report","year":"2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","volume-title":"Malaria Annual Report","author":"National Vector Borne Disease Control","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/432519"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2017.06.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470015902.a0022492"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879\u2010019\u20103730\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MOH.0b013e3283313de0"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2017.07.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/tropicalmed8040190"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","first-page":"67","article-title":"A Study on Correlation of Malaria Infection With A, B, O, RH Blood Group System Journal of Parasitology and Vector Biology A Study on Correlation of Malaria Infection With A, B, O, RH Blood Group System","volume":"7","author":"Singh G.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Parasitology and Vector Biology"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0030158"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/1750-1172-5-13","article-title":"\u03b1\u2010thalassaemia","volume":"5","author":"Harteveld C. 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