{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T21:16:31Z","timestamp":1783113391666,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774310400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774310400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Tropical Med Int Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To examine the uptake rates of the African Society for Laboratory Medicine (ASLM) Academy Continuous Professional Development (CPD) programmes training courses by laboratory professionals within the African region and explore factors influencing participation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study analysed the electronic training programmes data of the ASLM Academy to describe the implementation of the CPD courses and profile their uptake by laboratory professionals in Africa. The study population consisted of training records of individuals who enrolled in CPD courses offered by the ASLM Academy and those who participated in the weekly 1\u20132 hourly virtual webinars during the 2020\u20132024 period.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      By predicted gender, the majority of individuals were males (69%,\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20093169) with the majority (39%,\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20092805) being from East Africa. Most individuals (48%,\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20092092) were from government institutions, and the majority of individuals (89%,\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20093169) had taken 1\u20134 ASLM CPD trainings. Gender was not significantly associated with course participation (\u03c7\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009=\u20096.68,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.083). ASLM membership showed a strong association (\u03c7\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009=\u2009280.7,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), with members more likely to take a higher number of courses. Among the 621 participants who had taken modular courses, certification rates differed significantly by course type (\u03c7\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009=\u200917.15,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), with the SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 Antigen Rapid Diagnostic course having the highest proportion of certified participants (56.7%). ASLM members were more likely to be certified than non\u2010members (\u03c7\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009=\u200915.46,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Regional differences were also significant (\u03c7\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009=\u200919.69,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), with the East African region having the highest participation (39.3%).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The uptake of ASLM Academy CPD training courses was predominantly from laboratory scientists and individuals from government institutions. Being an ASLM member was the main factor that significantly influenced individuals' participation in many CPD training courses offered by the ASLM Academy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/tmi.70134","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T05:35:22Z","timestamp":1774416922000},"page":"895-904","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Improving Laboratory Continuous Professional Development Training in Africa: The\n                    <scp>ASLM<\/scp>\n                    Academy Experience"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3377-2042","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nqobile","family":"Ndlovu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Tygerberg Hospital Stellenbosch University  Cape Town South Africa"},{"name":"Management Division African Society for Laboratory Medicine  Johannesburg South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6831-4215","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rajiv T.","family":"Erasmus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Tygerberg Hospital Stellenbosch University  Cape Town South Africa"},{"name":"SAMRC Research Unit on Cardiometabolic Health Cape Peninsula University of Technology (CPUT)  Cape Town South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-6294-7358","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silver","family":"Mashate","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Management Division African Society for Laboratory Medicine  Johannesburg South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7134-8221","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maina Michael","family":"Waweru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Management Division African Society for Laboratory Medicine  Johannesburg South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7621-4679","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Annalise E.","family":"Zemlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Tygerberg Hospital Stellenbosch University  Cape Town South Africa"},{"name":"Tygerberg Hospital National Health Laboratory Service (NHLS)  Cape Town South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/42.5.813"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plabm.2020.e00159"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","unstructured":"ISO \u201cInternational Standard ISO 15189:2022; Medical Laboratories\u2010Requirements for Quality and Competence (Clause 6.2.4) 4th ed \u201d2022[cited 2025 August 27] https:\/\/www.iso.org\/standard\/76677.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","unstructured":"G.Kamlesh Giri F.Nina Frankel T.Kate Tulenko P.Amanda Puckett andR.Heather Ross \u201cKeeping Up to Date: Continuing Professional Development for Health Workers in Developing Countries: USAID and Capacity Plus: Serving health workers saving lives [Internet] \u201d2012[cited 2025 August 27] https:\/\/search.yahoo.com\/search?fr=mcafee&type=E210US739G0&p=Giri+K%2C+Frankel+N%2C+Tulenko+K%2C+Puckett+A%2C+Bailey+R%2C+Ross+H%2C+et+al.+Technical+brief+6%3A+Keeping+Up+to+Date%3A+Continuing+Professional+Development+for+Health+Workers+in+Developing+Countries%3A+USAID+and+Capacity+Plus%3A+Serving+healthworkers%2C+saving+lives%3B+2012."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12960-023-00837-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","volume-title":"Continuing Professional Development of Medical Doctors","author":"World Federation for Medical Education","year":"2025"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4102\/safp.v63i1.5395"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","unstructured":"\u201cContinuing Professional Development [Internet] \u201d[cited 2025 August 27] https:\/\/www.theirm.org\/join\u2010our\u2010community\/about\u2010membership\/continuing\u2010professional\u2010development\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13674580500200277"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jhs.JHS_61_16"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1478-4491-12-46"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","unstructured":"ASLM \u201cWebsite \u201d2025[cited 2025 August 27] Home|ASLM https:\/\/academy.aslm.org\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","unstructured":"T.Mark\u2010Daniels \u201cWebsite. Predict Gender From First Names Using a Na\u00efve Bayes Classifier With Log\u2010Probability Scoring and Feature Extraction in Python \u201d2025[cited 2025 August 27] https:\/\/github.com\/Mark\u2010Daniels\u2010Tamakloe\/naive\u2010bayes\u2010gender\u2010classifier."},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","article-title":"Gender Handwriting Image Identification Using Enhanced Naive Bayes Classifier","volume":"15","author":"Murugan A.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of Nonlinear Analysis and Optimization"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","unstructured":"Y.KewatandN.Nidhi \u201cPredict Gender of a Person Using Naive Bayes Classifier \u201d2021March [cited 2025 August 27] https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/362518590_PREDICT_GENDER_OF_PERSON_USING_NAIVE_BAYES_CLASSIFIER."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0300-1652.171617"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909\u2010024\u201005036\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909\u2010025\u201007633\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/aqad154"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","article-title":"Narrative Review: Continuous Professional Development Training Programmes in Africa and Their Limitations","volume":"14","author":"Ndlovu N.","year":"2025","journal-title":"African Journal of Laboratory Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4236\/jss.2023.111006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nha3.20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(18)30120-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","unstructured":"ASLM \u201c\u2019Website. ASLM Develops Strategy to Scale up and Standardise Laboratory Quality Management Systems Across Africa and Beyond \u201d2025[cited 2025 August 27] https:\/\/aslm.org\/aslm\u2010develops\u2010strategy\u2010to\u2010scale\u2010up\u2010and\u2010standardize\u2010laboratory\u2010quality\u2010management\u2010systems\u2010across\u2010africa\u2010and\u2010beyond\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/AMEP.S456190"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12960-023-00859-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-024-06374-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.9743\/JEO.2012.1.2"}],"container-title":["Tropical Medicine &amp; International Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/tmi.70134","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/tmi.70134","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/tmi.70134","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T20:25:20Z","timestamp":1783110320000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/tmi.70134"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/tmi.70134"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/tmi.70134","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1360-2276","1365-3156"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1360-2276","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-3156","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-08-28","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-03-10","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-03-24","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}