{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T09:59:07Z","timestamp":1790848747559,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781827200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781827200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Tropical Med Int Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Plasmodium falciparum<\/jats:italic>\n                      malaria remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in endemic regions, with outcomes influenced by host genetic factors. The ABO blood group system has been linked to clinical severity, though findings differ regarding blood groups and severe malaria susceptibility. This analysis aims to synthesise evidence on ABO blood group's role in severe\n                      <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic>\n                      malaria (SM) through meta\u2010analysis and trial sequential analysis.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science and Science Direct databases on August 31, 2025, to identify case\u2013control studies reporting ABO blood groups in SM and uncomplicated malaria (UM). All Statistical analysis was performed with CMAv4.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Twenty\u2010three studies comprising 3553 SM and 6112 UM cases were analysed. Results showed higher SM risk in blood groups A (OR:1.98;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.00), B (OR:1.87;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.00), AB (OR:1.91;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.00) and non\u2010O (OR:1.88;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.00) versus group O. These associations were confirmed in African and South Asian populations, while Melanesians showed different patterns. Non\u2010O groups showed increased risk in adults and children. Group A was linked to severe malarial anaemia (OR:1.75,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.004), while group B showed protective effects (OR:0.75,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.00). SM patients had lower haemoglobin (MD\u2009=\u2009\u22122.23;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.00), with parasite density showing no correlation with severity. TSA confirmed evidence linking ABO groups with SM and haemoglobin levels.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This meta\u2010analysis and TSA confirm non\u2010O blood groups as a susceptible factor for SM across ethnicities and ages. While ABO blood group is an inexpensive and widely available genetic marker, its clinical utility should be viewed as complementary rather than deterministic. However, at present, evidence does not support population\u2010wide screening solely for malaria risk prediction. These findings improve understanding of host genetic susceptibility and may inform future research into targeted risk stratification.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/tmi.70186","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,20]],"date-time":"2026-06-20T01:29:08Z","timestamp":1781918948000},"page":"1297-1314","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Association of\n                    <scp>ABO<\/scp>\n                    Blood Group and Severe\n                    <i>Plasmodium falciparum<\/i>\n                    Malaria: An Updated Meta\u2010Analysis and Trial Sequential Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Shovit","family":"Ranjan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University Department of Zoology Kolhan University  Chaibasa Jharkhand India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Madhavi","family":"Dubey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology Cooperative College  Jamshedpur Jharkhand India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sharda","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ImmGen EvSys Lab, BT\u2010113, Department of Biotechnology Berhampur University  Berhampur Odisha India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sweety Rani","family":"Behera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ImmGen EvSys Lab, BT\u2010113, Department of Biotechnology Berhampur University  Berhampur Odisha India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanjaya","family":"Meher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Political Science Berhampur University  Berhampur Odisha India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1192-1978","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aditya K.","family":"Panda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ImmGen EvSys Lab, BT\u2010113, Department of Biotechnology Berhampur University  Berhampur Odisha India"},{"name":"Centre of Excellence on Bioprospecting of Ethno\u2010Pharmaceuticals of Southern Odisha (CoE\u2010BESO) Berhampur University  Berhampur India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","unstructured":"WHO \u201cWorld Malaria Report 2024 \u201dhttps:\/\/www.who.int\/teams\/global-malaria-programme\/reports\/world-malaria-report-2024."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2017.50"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-022-04301-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2010-04-202911"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2019-132190"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-10-271"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-024-05081-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.blre.2018.07.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","volume-title":"Blood Groups and Red Cell Antigens","author":"Dean L.","year":"2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0705390104"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1010910"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002781"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0145120"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-10-309"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/515193"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1998.58.122"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/136485905X19946"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-9-280"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2006.06.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470712184"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08989621.2024.2334722"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphys.2024.05.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","unstructured":"G. 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