{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T23:59:42Z","timestamp":1790121582938,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790035200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790035200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Tropical Med Int Health"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Viral hepatitis remains a major global public health challenge, with heterogeneous epidemiological patterns across geographic and socioeconomic contexts. In the Brazilian Amazon, evidence remains limited, particularly regarding long\u2010term trends. This study analyzed the epidemiological and serological profiles of viral hepatitis cases in Roraima, Brazil, from 2012 to 2023.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A descriptive epidemiological study was conducted using secondary data from confirmed cases of viral hepatitis reported to the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN) in Roraima between 2012 and 2023. Sociodemographic, epidemiological, clinical, and serological variables were analysed using descriptive statistics. Detection rates were calculated per 100,000 inhabitants.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 5416 confirmed cases were identified. Hepatitis B was the predominant aetiology throughout the study period, ranging from 57.2% to 86.5% of cases, followed by hepatitis A (10.3%) and hepatitis C (9.6%). Hepatitis C cases increased over time, reaching more than 30% of notifications in 2021\u20132023, while hepatitis A declined markedly after 2019. Serological markers showed high frequencies of total anti\u2010HBc and reactive anti\u2010HCV results.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Hepatitis B remains the main etiological agent of viral hepatitis in Roraima, predominantly identified in its chronic phase. The increase in hepatitis C and the decline of hepatitis A highlight the impact of expanded diagnosis and vaccination strategies. Strengthening epidemiological surveillance and improving data quality are essential to guide effective public health interventions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/tmi.70224","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T23:04:21Z","timestamp":1790118261000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Viral Hepatitis A, B and C in Roraima, Brazilian Amazon: Epidemiological and Serological Profile, 2012\u20132023"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6997-3148","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jamilla Karla Corr\u00eaa","family":"Reis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Virology and Parasitology Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz)  Rio de Janeiro Brazil"},{"name":"State Department of Health of Roraima (SESAU\u2010RR)  Boa Vista Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0894-3241","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katrini Guidolini","family":"Martinelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Southern Bahia  Itabuna Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fl\u00e1via Freitas","family":"de Oliveira Bonfim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Virology and Parasitology Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz)  Rio de Janeiro Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C\u00edcera Raquel","family":"Feitosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Department of Health of Roraima (SESAU\u2010RR)  Boa Vista Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bianca Jorge","family":"Sequeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Research Center, School of Medicine, Federal University of Roraima  Boa Vista Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7644-8969","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Livia Melo","family":"Villar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Viral Hepatitis Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz)  Rio de Janeiro Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6314-754X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vanessa Salete","family":"de Paula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Virology and Parasitology Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz)  Rio de Janeiro Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/2177\u20109465\u2010EAN\u20102022\u20100334"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5123\/S2176\u201062232017000200004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1980\u2010549720190008.supl.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","volume-title":"Ordinance No. 42, October 5, 2018. Clinical Protocol and Therapeutic Guidelines for Comprehensive Care for People With Sexually Transmitted Infections","author":"Brazil. Ministry of Health","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","volume-title":"Consolidation Ordinance No. 5, September 28, 2017","author":"Brazil. Ministry of Health","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22491\/2447\u20103405.2023.v9.9g1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","volume-title":"Annual Epidemiological Report 2023","author":"Brazil. State Department of Health of Roraima","year":"2024"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","volume-title":"Epidemiological Bulletin on Viral Hepatitis. Special Issue","author":"Brazil. 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