{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T03:50:03Z","timestamp":1791949803811,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791849600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791849600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Tropical Med Int Health"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Plasmodium vivax<\/jats:italic>\n                      predominates in Afghanistan. Recurrent disease and the safety requirements of anti\u2010relapse treatment complicate elimination, while routine case counts provide limited information about completed radical cure.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      To synthesize Afghanistan\u2010specific evidence on\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                        <jats:italic>P. vivax<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:styled-content>\n                      epidemiology, recurrence, treatment, G6PD safety, diagnosis, resistance and elimination, and translate it into measurable service priorities.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This JBI\u2010 and PRISMA\u2010ScR\u2010guided nested scoping review reassessed 287 publications and 45 reports from a parent evidence map using a vivax\u2010focused population\u2010concept\u2010context framework. The core search ended on 12 August 2026; 40\u00a0publications and 10 institutional reports were included. Two reviewers independently assessed eligibility and charted data, with third\u2010reviewer verification.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      WHO reported 247,100\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                        <jats:italic>P. vivax<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:styled-content>\n                      cases among 257,524 confirmed malaria cases in 2024 (96.0%). An independent national series recorded 887,227 vivax episodes in 2018\u20132023, peaking in September. In a 593\u2010patient Afghan trial, chloroquine plus 14\u2010day primaquine reduced 1\u2010year recurrence compared with chloroquine alone (hazard ratio: 0.37, 95% CI: 0.25\u20130.54). Paired primaquine comparisons support an important relapse contribution, but their attribution estimate is assumption\u2010dependent and is not a national relapse rate. Historical treatment studies, G6PD surveys, and molecular findings support continued efficacy and safety surveillance. Evidence is geographically uneven, and supported refugee\u2010camp treatment outcomes do not establish feasibility in contemporary routine services.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The priority is to link case characterization to a measurable radical\u2010cure cascade: diagnosis, G6PD assessment, regimen selection, initiation, completion, safety monitoring and recurrence investigation. Phased delivery should combine district\u2010 and season\u2010specific targeting with clinical efficacy monitoring and documented cross\u2010border referral.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/tmi.70237","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T03:41:06Z","timestamp":1791949266000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["<i>Plasmodium vivax<\/i>\n                    Malaria in Afghanistan: A Scoping Review of Epidemiology, Relapse, Treatment and Elimination Challenges"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-0525-0228","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad","family":"Masudi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Curative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Jami University  Herat Afghanistan"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Herat University  Herat Afghanistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5821-9177","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ali","family":"Rahimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Curative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Jami University  Herat Afghanistan"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Herat University  Herat Afghanistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-1964-248X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad Shafi","family":"Saljuqi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Curative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Jami University  Herat Afghanistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-6130-134X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fahim","family":"Ahmadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Curative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Jami University  Herat Afghanistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7200-6661","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Reymark P.","family":"Malinda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Development Communication Department, College of Arts and Sciences Bukidnon State University  Malaybalay City Bukidnon Philippines"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4390-6641","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vimar A.","family":"Romero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Teacher Education Apayao State College  Luna Province of Apayao Philippines"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5812-0804","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abraham Fessehaye","family":"Sium","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College  Addis Ababa Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4970-989X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kevin Smith P.","family":"Cabuhat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, College of Science De La Salle University  Manila Philippines"},{"name":"Basic Education Department La Consolacion University Philippines  Malolos Bulacan Philippines"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8857-7765","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nasar Ahmad","family":"Shayan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry Western University  London Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2179-6365","authenticated-orcid":false,"suffix":"III","given":"Don Eliseo","family":"Lucero\u2010Prisno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Health and Development London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM)  London UK"},{"name":"Office of Research Services Palompon Institute of Technology  Palompon Leyte Philippines"},{"name":"Research and Development and Community Extension Services John B. 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