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Here, we show that the nuclear ubiquitin\u2013proteasome system (\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UPS<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ) plays a role in regulating the function of\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WRKY<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    45. Proteasome inhibitors induced accumulation of polyubiquitinated\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WRKY<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    45 and transient up\u2010regulation of\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WRKY<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    45 target genes in rice cells, suggesting that\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WRKY<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    45 is constantly degraded by the\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UPS<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    to suppress defense responses in the absence of defense signals. Mutational analysis of the nuclear localization signal indicated that\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UPS<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    \u2010dependent\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WRKY<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    45 degradation occurs in the nuclei. Interestingly, the transcriptional activity of\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WRKY<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    45 after salicylic acid treatment was impaired by proteasome inhibition. The same\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    \u2010terminal region in\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WRKY<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    45 was essential for both transcriptional activity and\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UPS<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    \u2010dependent degradation. These results suggest that\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UPS<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    regulation also plays a role in the transcriptional activity of\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WRKY<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    45. It has been reported that\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    t\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NPR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    1, the central regulator of the salicylic acid pathway in\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    rabidopsis, is regulated by the\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UPS<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    . We found that\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">O<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    s\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NPR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    1\/\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NH<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    1, the rice counterpart of\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NPR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    1, was not stabilized by proteasome inhibition under uninfected conditions. We discuss the differences in post\u2010translational regulation of salicylic acid pathway components between rice and\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    rabidopsis.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/tpj.12035","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,28]],"date-time":"2012-09-28T01:54:03Z","timestamp":1348797243000},"page":"302-313","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":117,"title":["Nuclear ubiquitin proteasome degradation affects\n                    <scp>WRKY<\/scp>\n                    45 function in the rice defense program"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"73","author":[{"given":"Akane","family":"Matsushita","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Disease Resistant Crops Research Unit National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences 2\u20131\u20132 Kannondai Tsukuba Ibaraki 305\u20138602 Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haruhiko","family":"Inoue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Disease Resistant Crops Research Unit National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences 2\u20131\u20132 Kannondai Tsukuba Ibaraki 305\u20138602 Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shingo","family":"Goto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Disease Resistant Crops Research Unit National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences 2\u20131\u20132 Kannondai Tsukuba Ibaraki 305\u20138602 Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akira","family":"Nakayama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Disease Resistant Crops Research Unit National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences 2\u20131\u20132 Kannondai Tsukuba Ibaraki 305\u20138602 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