{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T10:36:42Z","timestamp":1791110202290,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,15]],"date-time":"2013-01-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1358208000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Plant Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cytosine methylation is one of epigenetic information marked on the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DNA<\/jats:styled-content> sequence. In plants, small interfering <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RNA<\/jats:styled-content>s (si<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RNA<\/jats:styled-content>s) target homologous genomic <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DNA<\/jats:styled-content> sequences for cytosine methylation. This process, known as <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RNA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010directed <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DNA<\/jats:styled-content> methylation (Rd<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DM<\/jats:styled-content>), plays an important role in transposon control, regulation of gene expression and virus resistance. In this paper, we demonstrate that the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:roman>C2<\/jats:roman><\/jats:styled-content> protein encoded by a geminivirus (beet severe curly top virus, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BSCTV<\/jats:styled-content>) mediated a decrease in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DNA<\/jats:styled-content> methylation of repeat regions in the promoters of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:roman>ACD6<\/jats:roman><\/jats:styled-content>, an upstream regulator of the salicylic acid defense pathway, and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:roman>GSTF14<\/jats:roman><\/jats:styled-content>, an endogenous gene of the glutathione <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>\u2010transferase superfamily that is implicated in numerous stress responses. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:roman>C2<\/jats:roman><\/jats:styled-content>\u2010mediated decreases in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DNA<\/jats:styled-content> methylation reduced accumulation of the si<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RNA<\/jats:styled-content>s derived from the promoter repeats and enhanced the steady\u2010state expression of both <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:roman>ACD6<\/jats:roman><\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:roman>GSTF14<\/jats:roman><\/jats:styled-content> transcripts. Reduced accumulation of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BSCTV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010derived si<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RNA<\/jats:styled-content>s was detected in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BSCTV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010infected plants, but not in plants infected with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:roman>C2<\/jats:roman><\/jats:styled-content>\u2010deficient <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BSCTV<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:italic>c2<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>\u2212\u00a0<\/jats:sup><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BSCTV<\/jats:styled-content>). <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:roman>C2<\/jats:roman><\/jats:styled-content> protein exhibited no si<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RNA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010binding activity. Instead, our results revealed that <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:roman>C2<\/jats:roman><\/jats:styled-content> protein\u2010mediated decreases in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DNA<\/jats:styled-content> methylation appeared to affect the production of si<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RNA<\/jats:styled-content>s that are required for targeting and reinforcing Rd<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DM<\/jats:styled-content>, a process that activated expression of defense\u2010related genes that are normally dampened by these si<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RNA<\/jats:styled-content>s in the host plants. However, C2\u2010dependent reduction in virus\u2010derived si<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RNA<\/jats:styled-content>s also benefits the viruses by disrupting the feedback loop reinforcing <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DNA<\/jats:styled-content> methylation\u2010mediated antiviral silencing.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/tpj.12081","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,23]],"date-time":"2012-11-23T17:55:11Z","timestamp":1353693311000},"page":"910-917","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":62,"title":["<scp>C<\/scp>2\u2010mediated decrease in <scp>DNA<\/scp> methylation, accumulation of si<scp>RNA<\/scp>s, and increase in expression for genes involved in defense pathways in plants infected with beet severe curly top virus"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"73","author":[{"given":"Li\u2010Ping","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant gene research (Beijing) Institute of Microbiology Beijing 100101 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuan\u2010Yuan","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant gene research (Beijing) Institute of Microbiology Beijing 100101 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chun\u2010Peng","family":"An","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant gene research (Beijing) Institute of Microbiology Beijing 100101 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant gene research (Beijing) Institute of Microbiology Beijing 100101 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