{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,24]],"date-time":"2026-01-24T07:54:05Z","timestamp":1769241245945,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,6]],"date-time":"2013-12-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1386288000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Plant Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>The final step in the biosynthesis of the phthalideisoquinoline alkaloid noscapine involves a purported dehydrogenation of the narcotinehemiacetal keto moiety. A short\u2010chain dehydrogenase\/reductase (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SDR<\/jats:styled-content>), designated noscapine synthase (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NOS<\/jats:styled-content>), that catalyzes dehydrogenation of narcotinehemiacetal to noscapine was identified in opium poppy and functionally characterized. The <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NOS<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic> gene was isolated using an integrated transcript and metabolite profiling strategy and subsequently expressed in <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>. Noscapine synthase is highly divergent from other characterized members of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NADPH<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010dependent <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SDR<\/jats:styled-content> superfamily involved in benzylisoquinoline alkaloid metabolism, and it exhibits exclusive substrate specificity for narcotinehemiacetal. Kinetic analyses showed that <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NOS<\/jats:styled-content> exhibits higher catalytic efficiency with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NAD<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> as the cofactor compared with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NADP<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>. Suppression of <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NOS<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic> transcript levels in opium poppy plants subjected to virus\u2010induced gene silencing resulted in a corresponding reduction in the accumulation of noscapine and an increase in narcotinehemiacetal levels in the latex. Noscapine and <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NOS<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic> transcripts were detected in all opium poppy organs, but both were most abundant in stems. Unlike other putative biosynthetic genes clustered in the opium poppy genome, and their corresponding proteins, <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NOS<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic> transcripts and the cognate enzyme were abundant in latex, indicating that noscapine metabolism is completed in a distinct cell type compared with the rest of the pathway.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/tpj.12379","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,8]],"date-time":"2013-11-08T14:14:37Z","timestamp":1383920077000},"page":"173-184","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Short\u2010chain dehydrogenase\/reductase catalyzing the final step of noscapine biosynthesis is localized to laticifers in opium poppy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"77","author":[{"given":"Xue","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences University of Calgary Calgary AB T2N 1N4 Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter J.","family":"Facchini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences University of Calgary Calgary AB T2N 1N4 Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","first-page":"3701","article-title":"Noscapine inhibits human prostate cancer progression and metastasis in a mouse model","volume":"28","author":"Barken I.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Anticancer Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","first-page":"2163","article-title":"Alkaloid biosynthesis. 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