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It has been suggested that cyanogenic glucosides are also a store of nitrogen that can be remobilized for general metabolism via a previously unknown pathway. Here we reveal a recycling pathway for the cyanogenic glucoside dhurrin in sorghum (<jats:italic>Sorghum bicolor<\/jats:italic>) that avoids hydrogen cyanide formation. As demonstrated <jats:italic>in\u00a0vitro<\/jats:italic>, the pathway proceeds via spontaneous formation of a dhurrin\u2010derived glutathione conjugate, which undergoes reductive cleavage by glutathione transferases of the plant\u2010specific lambda class (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GSTL<\/jats:styled-content>s) to produce <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2010hydroxyphenyl acetonitrile. This is further metabolized to <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2010hydroxyphenylacetic acid and free ammonia by nitrilases, and then glucosylated to form <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2010glucosyloxyphenylacetic acid. Two of the four <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GSTL<\/jats:styled-content>s in sorghum exhibited high stereospecific catalytic activity towards the glutathione conjugate, and form a subclade in a phylogenetic tree of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GSTL<\/jats:styled-content>s in higher plants. The expression of the corresponding two <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GSTL<\/jats:styled-content>s<\/jats:italic> co\u2010localized with expression of the genes encoding the <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2010hydroxyphenyl acetonitrile\u2010metabolizing nitrilases at the cellular level. The elucidation of this pathway places <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GST<\/jats:styled-content>s as key players in a remarkable scheme for metabolic plasticity allowing plants to reverse the resource flow between general and specialized metabolism in actively growing tissue.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/tpj.13923","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,16]],"date-time":"2018-04-16T16:09:12Z","timestamp":1523894952000},"page":"1109-1125","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":75,"title":["Glutathione transferases catalyze recycling of auto\u2010toxic cyanogenic glucosides in sorghum"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"94","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5301-5885","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nanna","family":"Bjarnholt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"VILLUM Research Center for Plant Plasticity Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences University of Copenhagen Frederiksberg 1871 Denmark"},{"name":"Plant Biochemistry Laboratory Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences University of Copenhagen Frederiksberg 1871 Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth H. J.","family":"Neilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VILLUM Research Center for Plant Plasticity Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences University of Copenhagen Frederiksberg 1871 Denmark"},{"name":"Plant Biochemistry Laboratory Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences University of Copenhagen Frederiksberg 1871 Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christoph","family":"Crocoll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DynaMo Center Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences University of Copenhagen Frederiksberg 1871 Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kirsten","family":"J\u00f8rgensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plant Biochemistry Laboratory Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences University of Copenhagen Frederiksberg 1871 Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed Saddik","family":"Motawia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VILLUM Research Center for Plant Plasticity Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences University of Copenhagen Frederiksberg 1871 Denmark"},{"name":"Plant Biochemistry Laboratory Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences University of Copenhagen Frederiksberg 1871 Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carl Erik","family":"Olsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VILLUM Research Center for Plant Plasticity Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences University of Copenhagen Frederiksberg 1871 Denmark"},{"name":"Plant Biochemistry Laboratory Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences University of Copenhagen Frederiksberg 1871 Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David P.","family":"Dixon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Bioactive Chemistry Durham University Durham DH1 3LE 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