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Although aquatic microalgae have been recently introduced as a biological control agent, the underlying molecular mechanisms are largely unknown. The aim of the present study was to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying biological control by microalga\n                    <jats:italic>Chlorella fusca<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Foliar application of\n                    <jats:italic>C.\u00a0fusca<\/jats:italic>\n                    elicits induced resistance in\n                    <jats:italic>Arabidopsis thaliana<\/jats:italic>\n                    against\n                    <jats:italic>Pseudomonas syringae<\/jats:italic>\n                    pv. tomato DC3000 that activates plant immunity rather than direct antagonism. To understand the basis of\n                    <jats:italic>C.\u00a0fusca<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010triggered induced resistance at the transcriptional level, we conducted RNA sequencing (RNA\u2010seq) analysis. RNA\u2010seq data showed that, upon pathogen inoculation,\n                    <jats:italic>C.\u00a0fusca<\/jats:italic>\n                    treatment primed the expression of\n                    <jats:italic>cysteine\u2010rich receptor\u2010like kinases<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>WRKY<\/jats:italic>\n                    transcription factor genes, and salicylic acid and jasmonic acid signalling\u2010related genes. Intriguingly, the application of\n                    <jats:italic>C.\u00a0fusca<\/jats:italic>\n                    primed pathogen\u2010associated molecular pattern \u2010triggered immunity, characterized by reactive oxygen species burst and callose deposition, upon flagellin 22 treatment. The attempts to find\n                    <jats:italic>C.\u00a0fusca<\/jats:italic>\n                    determinants allowed us to identify\n                    <jats:sc>d<\/jats:sc>\n                    \u2010lactic acid secreted in the supernatant of\n                    <jats:italic>C.\u00a0fusca<\/jats:italic>\n                    as a defence priming agent. This is the first report of the mechanism of innate immune activation by aquatic microalga\n                    <jats:italic>Chlorella<\/jats:italic>\n                    in higher plants.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/tpj.14661","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,23]],"date-time":"2019-12-23T12:42:16Z","timestamp":1577104936000},"page":"761-778","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["<scp>d<\/scp>\n                    \u2010Lactic acid secreted by\n                    <i>Chlorella fusca<\/i>\n                    primes pattern\u2010triggered immunity against\n                    <i>Pseudomonas syringae<\/i>\n                    in Arabidopsis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"102","author":[{"given":"Sang\u2010Moo","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Phytobacteriology Laboratory Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB) Daejeon 34141 South Korea"},{"name":"Department of Biosystems and Bioengineering KRIBB School of Biotechnology University of Science and Technology Daejeon 34113 South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seon\u2010Kyu","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Center KRIBB Daejeon 34141 South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nakyeong","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cell Factory Research Center KRIBB Daejeon 34141 South Korea"},{"name":"Department of Environmental Biotechnology KRIBB School of Biotechnology University of Science and Technology Daejeon 34113 South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chi\u2010Yong","family":"Ahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cell Factory Research Center KRIBB Daejeon 34141 South Korea"},{"name":"Department of Environmental Biotechnology KRIBB School of Biotechnology University of Science and Technology Daejeon 34113 South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7276-1189","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Choong\u2010Min","family":"Ryu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Phytobacteriology Laboratory Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB) Daejeon 34141 South Korea"},{"name":"Department of Biosystems and Bioengineering KRIBB School of Biotechnology University of Science and Technology Daejeon 34113 South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","volume-title":"Plant pathology","author":"Agrios 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