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However, the major genetic basic underlying sex chromosomes remains to be uncovered. In this study, we identify the sex\u2010determining region of <jats:italic>Ginkgo<\/jats:italic> and locate it to the area from megabases 48 to 75 on chromosome 2. We find that the male sex\u2010determining region of <jats:italic>Ginkgo<\/jats:italic> contains more than 200 genes, including four MADS\u2010box genes, demonstrating that the <jats:italic>Ginkgo<\/jats:italic> sex determination system is of the XY type. We also find that genetic sex differences result in specialized flavonoid metabolism and regulation in each sex. These findings establish a foundation for revealing the molecular mechanism of sexual dimorphism and promoting the development of the <jats:italic>Ginkgo<\/jats:italic> industry.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/tpj.15009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,5]],"date-time":"2020-10-05T06:29:16Z","timestamp":1601879356000},"page":"1399-1409","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["The genomic architecture of the sex\u2010determining region and sex\u2010related metabolic variation in <i>Ginkgo<\/i><i>biloba<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"104","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9687-7266","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qinggang","family":"Liao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen Branch Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen Chinese 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