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SL signalling overlaps with that of a class of smoke\u2010derived compounds, karrikins (KARs), which have distinct yet overlapping developmental effects on plants. Although the roles of SLs in shoot and root development, in the promotion of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal branching and in parasitic plant germination have been well characterized, recent data have illustrated broader roles for these compounds in the rhizosphere. Here, we review the known roles of SLs in development, growth of AM fungi and germination of parasitic plants to develop a framework for understanding the use of SLs as molecules of communication in the rhizosphere. It appears, for example, that there are many connections between SLs and phosphate utilization. Low phosphate levels regulate SL metabolism and, in turn, SLs sculpt root and shoot architecture to coordinate growth and optimize phosphate uptake from the environment. Plant\u2010exuded SLs attract fungal symbionts to deliver inorganic phosphate (Pi) to the host. These and other examples suggest the boundary between exogenous and endogenous SL functions can be easily blurred and a more holistic view of these small molecules is likely to be required to fully understand SL biology. Related to this, we summarize and discuss evidence for a primitive role of SLs in moss as a quorum sensing\u2010like molecule, providing a unifying concept of SLs as endogenous and exogenous signalling molecules.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/tpj.15087","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,20]],"date-time":"2020-11-20T20:33:31Z","timestamp":1605904411000},"page":"322-334","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["On the outside looking in: roles of endogenous and exogenous strigolactones"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"105","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0883-9946","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bruno","family":"Aquino","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell and Systems Biology University of Toronto 25 Willcocks Street Toronto M5S 3B2 Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9579-6803","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James M.","family":"Bradley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell and Systems Biology University of Toronto 25 Willcocks Street Toronto M5S 3B2 Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8150-9292","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shelley","family":"Lumba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell and Systems Biology University of Toronto 25 Willcocks Street Toronto M5S 3B2 Canada"},{"name":"Centre for the Analysis of Genome Evolution and Function University of Toronto 25 Willcocks Street Toronto ON M5S 3B2 Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1410801111"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1111902108"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature03608"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/pcp\/pcq058"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-arplant-043014-114759"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1218094"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/pcp\/pcp091"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2020.00018"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/bio.021402"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.0040226"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.108.121400"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.110.3.859"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"A mechanistic framework for auxin dependent Arabidopsis root hair elongation to low external phosphate","volume":"9","author":"Bhosale R.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. 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