{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T09:07:26Z","timestamp":1792055246215,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,24]],"date-time":"2021-03-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1616544000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001711","name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["310030B_182833"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["310030B_182833"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001711","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004052","name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004052","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Plant Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title><jats:p>Northern corn leaf blight, caused by the fungal pathogen <jats:italic>Setosphaeria turcica<\/jats:italic> (anamorph <jats:italic>Exserohilum turcicum<\/jats:italic>), is one of the most devastating foliar diseases of maize (<jats:italic>Zea mays<\/jats:italic>). Four genes <jats:italic>Ht1<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Ht2<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Ht3<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Htn1<\/jats:italic> represent the major sources of genetic resistance against the hemibiotrophic fungus <jats:italic>S. turcica<\/jats:italic>. Differential maize lines containing these genes also form the basis to classify <jats:italic>S. turcica<\/jats:italic> races. Here, we show that <jats:italic>Ht2<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Ht3<\/jats:italic> are identical and allelic to the previously cloned <jats:italic>Htn1<\/jats:italic> gene. Using a map\u2010based cloning approach and Targeting Induced Local Lesions in Genomes (TILLING), we demonstrate that <jats:italic>Ht2\/Ht3<\/jats:italic> is an allele of the wall\u2010associated receptor\u2010like kinase gene <jats:italic>ZmWAK\u2010RLK1<\/jats:italic>. The ZmWAK\u2010RLK1 variants encoded by <jats:italic>Htn1<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Ht2\/Ht3<\/jats:italic> differ by multiple amino acid polymorphisms that particularly affect the putative extracellular domain. A diversity analysis in maize revealed the presence of dozens of <jats:italic>ZmWAK\u2010RLK1<\/jats:italic> alleles. <jats:italic>Ht2<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Ht3<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Htn1<\/jats:italic> have been described over decades as independent resistance loci with different race spectra and resistance responses. Our work demonstrates that these three genes are allelic, which has major implications for northern corn leaf blight resistance breeding and nomenclature of <jats:italic>S. turcica<\/jats:italic> pathotypes. We hypothesize that genetic background effects have confounded the classical description of these disease resistance genes in the past.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/tpj.15183","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,6]],"date-time":"2021-02-06T00:35:55Z","timestamp":1612571755000},"page":"526-535","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["Alleles of a wall\u2010associated kinase gene account for three of the major northern corn leaf blight resistance loci in maize"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"106","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6977-8449","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ping","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant and Microbial Biology University of Zurich Zollikerstrasse 107 Zurich CH\u20108008 Switzerland"},{"name":"Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 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Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Severine","family":"Hurni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant and Microbial Biology University of Zurich Zollikerstrasse 107 Zurich CH\u20108008 Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerhard","family":"Herren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant and Microbial Biology University of Zurich Zollikerstrasse 107 Zurich CH\u20108008 Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shenghui","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Marande","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INRA\u2010CNRGV 24 Chemin de Borde Rouge \u2010 Auzeville Castanet Tolosan Cedex CS 52627, 31326 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