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The molecular mechanisms underlying the trade\u2010off between plant growth and defense remain unclear. The present study reveals that growth\/defense trade\u2010offs mediated by gibberellin (GA) and salicylic acid (SA) signaling pathways are uncoupled during constitutive overexpression of transgenic <jats:italic>AtRAN1<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>AtRAN1<jats:sub>Q72L<\/jats:sub><\/jats:italic> (active, GTP\u2010locked form) Arabidopsis plants. It is well known that the small GTP\u2010binding protein Ran (a Ras\u2010related nuclear protein) functions in the nucleus\u2013cytoplasmic transport of proteins. Although there is considerable evidence indicating that nuclear\u2013cytoplasmic partitioning of specific proteins can participate in hormone signaling, the role of Ran\u2010dependent nuclear transport in hormone signaling is not yet fully understood. In this report, we used a combination of genetic and molecular methods to reveal whether <jats:italic>AtRAN1<\/jats:italic> is involved in both GA and SA signaling pathways. Constitutively overexpressed <jats:italic>AtRAN1<\/jats:italic> promoted both elongation growth and the disease resistance response, whereas overexpression of <jats:italic>AtRAN1<jats:sub>Q72L<\/jats:sub><\/jats:italic> in the <jats:italic>atran2atran3<\/jats:italic> double mutant background clearly inhibited elongation growth and the defense response. Furthermore, we found that <jats:italic>AtRAN1<\/jats:italic> coordinated plant growth and defense by promoting the stability of the DELLA protein RGA in the nucleus and by modulating NPR1 nuclear localization. Interestingly, genetically modified rice (<jats:italic>Oryza sativa<\/jats:italic>) overexpressing <jats:italic>AtRAN1<\/jats:italic> exhibited increased plant height and yield per plant. Altogether, the ability to achieve growth\/defense trade\u2010offs through <jats:italic>AtRAN1<\/jats:italic> overexpression provides an approach to maximizing crop yield to meet rising global food demands.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/tpj.15445","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,27]],"date-time":"2021-07-27T07:58:02Z","timestamp":1627372682000},"page":"977-991","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Overexpression of a small GTP\u2010binding protein Ran1 in Arabidopsis leads to promoted elongation growth and enhanced disease resistance against <i>P. syringae<\/i> DC3000"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"108","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8944-3339","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peipei","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Photosynthesis and Environment CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences Shanghai Institute 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Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences No. 300 Fenglin Road Shanghai 200032 China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weiming","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Photosynthesis and Environment CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences No. 300 Fenglin Road Shanghai 200032 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