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However, germplasm resources for dwarfing pear are limited, and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We previously showed that dwarfism in pear is controlled by the single dominant gene <jats:italic>PcDw<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>Dwarf<\/jats:italic>). We report here that the expression of <jats:italic>PcAGP7\u20101<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>ARABINOGALACTAN PROTEIN 7\u20101<\/jats:italic>), a key candidate gene for <jats:italic>PcDw<\/jats:italic>, is significantly higher in dwarf\u2010type pear plants because of a mutation in an E\u2010box in the promoter. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays and transient infiltration showed that the transcription factors PcBZR1 and PcBZR2 could directly bind to the E\u2010box of the <jats:italic>PcAGP7\u20101<\/jats:italic> promoter and repress transcription. Moreover, transgenic pear lines overexpressing <jats:italic>PcAGP7\u20101<\/jats:italic> exhibited obvious dwarf phenotypes, whereas RNA interference pear lines for <jats:italic>PcAGP7\u20101<\/jats:italic> were taller than controls. <jats:italic>PcAGP7\u20101<\/jats:italic> overexpression also enhanced cell wall thickness, affected cell morphogenesis, and reduced brassinolide (BL) content, which inhibited BR signaling via a negative feedback loop, resulting in further dwarfing. Overall, we identified a dwarfing mechanism in perennial woody plants involving the BL\u2010BZR\/BES\u2010AGP\u2010BL regulatory module. Our findings provide insight into the molecular mechanism of plant dwarfism and suggest strategies for the molecular breeding of dwarf pear cultivars.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/tpj.15548","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,25]],"date-time":"2021-10-25T16:28:29Z","timestamp":1635179309000},"page":"47-63","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["A mutation in the promoter of the arabinogalactan protein 7\u2010like gene <i>PcAGP7\u20101<\/i> affects cell morphogenesis and brassinolide content in pear (<i>Pyrus communis<\/i> L.) stems"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"109","author":[{"given":"Xiaodong","family":"Zheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Horticulture Qingdao Agricultural University Qingdao 266109 China"},{"name":"Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province Qingdao 266109 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