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Derived through duplication of Pol II subunits, Pol IV produces 24\u2010nt short interfering RNAs that interact with Pol V transcripts to target <jats:italic>de novo<\/jats:italic> DNA methylation and silence transcription of transposons. Members of the grass family encode additional duplicated subunits of Pol IV and V, raising questions regarding the function of each paralog. In this study, we identify a null allele of the putative Pol IV second subunit, <jats:italic>NRPD2<\/jats:italic>, and demonstrate that NRPD2 is the sole subunit functioning with NRPD1 in small RNA production and CHH methylation in leaves. Homozygous <jats:italic>nrpd2<\/jats:italic> mutants have neither gametophytic defects nor embryo lethality, although adult plants are dwarf and sterile.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/tpj.15848","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,30]],"date-time":"2022-05-30T16:35:42Z","timestamp":1653928542000},"page":"748-755","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["A null allele of the pol <scp>IV<\/scp> second subunit impacts stature and reproductive development in <i>Oryza sativa<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6759-645X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tania","family":"Chakraborty","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Plant Sciences University of Arizona  Tucson Arizona 85721 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9817-4161","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joshua T.","family":"Trujillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry Purdue University  West Lafayette Indiana 47907 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timmy","family":"Kendall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Plant Sciences University of Arizona  Tucson Arizona 85721 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2195-0825","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rebecca A.","family":"Mosher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Plant Sciences University of Arizona  Tucson Arizona 85721 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","unstructured":"Andrews S.(2010)FastQC: a quality control tool for high throughput sequence data. 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