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The degradation of ubiquitinated proteins by the 26S proteasome is a regulatory mechanism of eukaryotes. E3 ubiquitin ligase is substrate specific and is one of the most diversified and abundant enzymes in the regulation mechanism of plant ubiquitination. Although numerous studies in other plants have shown that the degradation of ubiquitinated proteins by the 26S proteasome is closely related to plant immunity, there are limited studies on them in pear trees. Here, we found that an E3 ubiquitin ligase, PbATL18, interacts with and ubiquitinates the transcription factor PbbZIP4, and this process is enhanced by\n                    <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic>fructicola<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection. PbATL18 overexpression in pear callus enhanced resistance to\n                    <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic>fructicola<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection, whereas\n                    <jats:italic>PbbZIP4<\/jats:italic>\n                    overexpression increased sensitivity to\n                    <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic>fructicola<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection. Silencing\n                    <jats:italic>PbATL18<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>PbbZIP4<\/jats:italic>\n                    in\n                    <jats:italic>Pyrus betulaefolia<\/jats:italic>\n                    seedlings resulted in opposite effects, with\n                    <jats:italic>PbbZIP4<\/jats:italic>\n                    silencing enhancing resistance to\n                    <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic>fructicola<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection and\n                    <jats:italic>PbATL18<\/jats:italic>\n                    silencing increasing sensitivity to\n                    <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic>fructicola<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection. Using yeast one\u2010hybrid screens, an electrophoretic mobility shift assay, and dual\u2010luciferase assays, we demonstrated that the transcription factor PbbZIP4 upregulated the expression of\n                    <jats:italic>PbNPR3<\/jats:italic>\n                    by directly binding to its promoter.\n                    <jats:italic>PbNPR3<\/jats:italic>\n                    is one of the key genes in the salicylic acid (SA) signal transduction pathway that can inhibit SA signal transduction. Here, we proposed a PbATL18\u2010PbbZIP4\u2010PbNPR3\u2010SA model for plant response to\n                    <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic>fructicola<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection. PbbZIP4 was ubiquitinated by PbATL18 and degraded by the 26S proteasome, which decreased the expression of\n                    <jats:italic>PbNPR3<\/jats:italic>\n                    and promoted SA signal transduction, thereby enhancing plant\n                    <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic>fructicola<\/jats:italic>\n                    resistance. Our study provides new insights into the molecular mechanism of pear response to\n                    <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic>fructicola<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection, which can serve as a theoretical basis for breeding superior disease\u2010resistant pear varieties.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/tpj.16417","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,7]],"date-time":"2023-08-07T14:12:10Z","timestamp":1691417530000},"page":"903-920","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Transcription factor\n                    <scp>PbbZIP4<\/scp>\n                    is targeted for proteasome\u2010mediated degradation by the ubiquitin ligase\n                    <scp>PbATL18<\/scp>\n                    to influence pear's resistance to\n                    <i>Colletotrichum fructicola<\/i>\n                    by regulating the expression of\n                    <scp>\n                      <i>PbNPR3<\/i>\n                    <\/scp>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"116","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1241-4916","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Likun","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture Nanjing Agricultural University  Nanjing 210095 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaili","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture Nanjing Agricultural University  Nanjing 210095 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caihua","family":"Xing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture Nanjing Agricultural 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