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We found that <jats:italic>SHMT6<\/jats:italic> is localized in the nucleus and expressed in different tissues during development. Interestingly <jats:italic>SHMT6<\/jats:italic> is inducible in response to avirulent, virulent <jats:italic>Pseudomonas syringae<\/jats:italic> and to <jats:italic>Fusarium oxysporum<\/jats:italic> infection. Overexpression of <jats:italic>SHMT6<\/jats:italic> leads to larger flowers, siliques, seeds, roots, and consequently an enhanced overall biomass. This enhanced growth was accompanied by increased stomatal conductance and photosynthetic capacity as well as ATP, protein, and chlorophyll levels. By contrast, a <jats:italic>shmt6<\/jats:italic> knockout mutant displayed reduced growth. When challenged with <jats:italic>Pseudomonas syringae<\/jats:italic> pv <jats:italic>tomato<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>Pst<\/jats:italic>) DC3000 expressing <jats:italic>AvrRpm1<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>SHMT6<\/jats:italic> overexpression lines displayed a clear hypersensitive response which was characterized by enhanced electrolyte leakage and reduced bacterial growth. In response to virulent <jats:italic>Pst<\/jats:italic> DC3000, the <jats:italic>shmt6<\/jats:italic> mutant developed severe disease symptoms and becomes very susceptible, whereas <jats:italic>SHMT6<\/jats:italic> overexpression lines showed enhanced resistance with increased expression of defense pathway associated genes. In response to <jats:italic>Fusarium oxysporum<\/jats:italic>, overexpression lines showed a reduction in symptoms. Moreover, <jats:italic>SHMT6<\/jats:italic> overexpression lead to enhanced production of ethylene and lignin, which are important components of the defense response. Collectively, our data revealed that <jats:italic>SHMT6<\/jats:italic> plays an important role in development and defense against pathogens.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/tpj.16897","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,25]],"date-time":"2024-06-25T16:49:25Z","timestamp":1719334165000},"page":"1920-1936","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Serine hydroxymethyltransferase6 is involved in growth and resistance against pathogens via ethylene and lignin production in Arabidopsis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"119","author":[{"given":"Pooja","family":"Singh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg  New Delhi 110067 India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aprajita","family":"Kumari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg  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