{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T03:15:08Z","timestamp":1787886908699,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,2]],"date-time":"2025-05-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746144000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004775","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["23JRRA1051\uff1a22ZD6NA049"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23JRRA1051\uff1a22ZD6NA049"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004775","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Plant Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title><jats:p>Low temperature is an environmental factor that significantly impairs the normal development of plants by limiting yield and quality. Although histone deacetylase HDA6 is involved in various biological processes, the specific molecular mechanisms underlying its response to low temperatures remain unexplored in Arabidopsis. In this study, we investigated the <jats:italic>HDA6<\/jats:italic> expression pattern at low temperatures and discovered that cold stress\u2010induced transcriptional activity increased the HDA6 protein level. Freezing experiments demonstrated that HDA6 functions as a positive regulator in response to low temperatures. The point mutant <jats:italic>axe1\u20105<\/jats:italic> and the <jats:italic>HDA6<\/jats:italic> CRISPR\u2010edited knockout mutants <jats:italic>hda6<\/jats:italic><jats:sup><jats:italic>CR<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sup><jats:italic>\u20101<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>hda6<\/jats:italic><jats:sup><jats:italic>CR<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sup><jats:italic>\u20102<\/jats:italic> exhibited significantly increased sensitivity to low temperature, while the <jats:italic>HDA6\u2010GFP\/axe1\u20105<\/jats:italic> complementation line successfully restored the cold\u2010sensitive phenotype of the <jats:italic>axe1\u20105<\/jats:italic> mutant. HDA6 interacted with and deacetylated shikimate kinase SK2. Furthermore, HDA6 enhanced SK2 protein stability under cold stress. The SK2\u2010mediated shikimate metabolic pathway is crucial for the synthesis of aromatic amino acids, which are essential antioxidant precursors. Metabolomics analysis showed that the <jats:italic>hda6<\/jats:italic> mutant metabolites that decreased significantly under cold stress were primarily concentrated in the amino acid synthetic pathway. Additionally, the <jats:italic>hda6<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>sk2<\/jats:italic> mutants accumulated higher levels of superoxide anion but lower levels of antioxidant substances under cold stress, suggesting that HDA6 may enhance shikimate metabolism, downstream amino acid synthesis, and antioxidant accumulation by stabilizing SK2, thereby improving cold tolerance. This study elucidated the molecular mechanism by which HDA6 positively responds to low\u2010temperature stress and identified the antifreeze genes <jats:italic>HDA6<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>SK2<\/jats:italic>. This study offers valuable genetic resources and theoretical support for breeding cold\u2010resistant varieties and improving crop yield.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/tpj.70197","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,2]],"date-time":"2025-05-02T16:40:52Z","timestamp":1746204052000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["The <i>AtHDA6<\/i>\u2010<i>AtSK2<\/i> module promotes cold tolerance by enhancing shikimate metabolism and antioxidant activity"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"122","author":[{"given":"Jianxun","family":"Su","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences Lanzhou University  Lanzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongke","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry The University of Chicago  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