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Here, integrated sRNAome and transcriptome analysis of \u2018Dahongpao\u2019 (DHP) loquat under 0\u00b0C and mLTC treatments identified miR164 as a key regulator whose expression is suppressed at 0\u00b0C but partially restored under mLTC. As a result, one of its target genes\n                    <jats:italic>EjNAC3\u2010like<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>EjNAC3L<\/jats:italic>\n                    )'s expression level was upregulated during chilling\u2010induced lignification but was suppressed by mLTC. Molecular evidence has proved that\n                    <jats:italic>EjNAC3L<\/jats:italic>\n                    could activate several lignin biosynthetic genes, especially for\n                    <jats:italic>EjLAC7<\/jats:italic>\n                    (a homolog of\n                    <jats:italic>AtLAC7<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), which was also strongly induced by 0\u00b0C but not mLTC. Mechanistically, EjNAC3L indirectly regulated\n                    <jats:italic>EjLAC7<\/jats:italic>\n                    by forming heterodimers with\n                    <jats:italic>EjNAC5\/6<\/jats:italic>\n                    , which directly bound the\n                    <jats:italic>EjLAC7<\/jats:italic>\n                    promoter. Functional assays and transient overexpression in tobacco leaves and loquat fruits confirmed the function of\n                    <jats:italic>MIR164<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>EjNAC3L<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>EjLAC7<\/jats:italic>\n                    in lignin biosynthesis. Furthermore, stable overexpression of\n                    <jats:italic>EjNAC3L<\/jats:italic>\n                    in Arabidopsis and\n                    <jats:italic>EjLAC7<\/jats:italic>\n                    in liverwort both led to an increase in lignin content and may have also altered the cold resistance in the transgenic plants. Meanwhile, we obtained stable transgenic loquat roots expressing STTM164 by using\n                    <jats:italic>Agrobacterium rhizogenes<\/jats:italic>\n                    , confirming the function of the miR164\u2010\n                    <jats:italic>EjNAC3L<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010\n                    <jats:italic>EjLAC7<\/jats:italic>\n                    regulatory module. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that mLTC treatment mitigates chilling\u2010induced lignification partly through restoring miR164 expression, like the effect of a vaccine, thus providing a novel insight and potential strategy for improving post\u2010harvest cold tolerance in horticultural crops.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/tpj.70961","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T23:14:27Z","timestamp":1781306067000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Low\u2010temperature conditioning attenuates chilling\u2010induced lignification in loquat by modulating the\n                    <scp>miR164<\/scp>\n                    \u2010\n                    <i>EjNAC3L\u2010EjLAC7<\/i>\n                    cascade"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"126","author":[{"given":"Xizhi","family":"Cao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Agriculture and Biotechnology Zhejiang University  Zijingang Campus Hangzhou 310058 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruoqian","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Agriculture and Biotechnology Zhejiang University  Zijingang Campus Hangzhou 310058 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiqing","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Agriculture and Biotechnology Zhejiang University  Zijingang Campus Hangzhou 310058 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zihao","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Agriculture and Biotechnology Zhejiang University  Zijingang Campus Hangzhou 310058 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dongdong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Agriculture and Biotechnology Zhejiang 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