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Our previous research discovered light as a vital signal in modulating fiber cell\u2010wall thickening and thus length and strength during maturation. Here, we reveal that the red light\u2010sensing Phytochrome B (PhyB)\/Phy\u2010Interacting Factor\u20104 (PIF4) module plays a major photoregulatory role in Arabidopsis stem fiber growth upon activation through its negative influence on the downstream transcription factors encoded by the\n                    <jats:italic>BR\u2010ENHANCED EXPRESSION<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>BEE<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) gene family. Whereas stem fiber cells in the\n                    <jats:italic>phyB<\/jats:italic>\n                    mutant hyperelongate, those in the\n                    <jats:italic>pif quadruple<\/jats:italic>\n                    mutant, which blocks the expression of\n                    <jats:italic>PIF1<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010\n                    <jats:italic>4<\/jats:italic>\n                    , are shorter. DNA binding studies showed that this PhyB\/PIF module photoregulates\n                    <jats:italic>BEE2<\/jats:italic>\n                    expression by directly interacting with G\u2010box\u2010like elements within its promoter. Accordingly, fibers in the triple\n                    <jats:italic>bee123<\/jats:italic>\n                    mutant are shorter, whereas stems overexpressing\n                    <jats:italic>BEE2<\/jats:italic>\n                    develop longer fibers.\n                    <jats:italic>BEE2<\/jats:italic>\n                    in particular then encourages fiber cell elongation by directly enhancing expression of genes associated with cell\u2010wall loosening, two being the xyloglucan endotransglycosylases\/glucanases XTH8 and XTH33. Our studies identify a key multicomponent photoregulatory cascade in fiber cell elongation, thus offering possible avenues for engineering stem properties by modulating light signals.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/tpj.71110","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T05:13:06Z","timestamp":1789449186000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The\n                    <scp>PhyB<\/scp>\n                    \u2010\n                    <scp>PIF4<\/scp>\n                    module directly photoregulates\n                    <i>BR\u2010ENHANCED EXPRESSION<\/i>\n                    genes to enhance stem fiber cell elongation in Arabidopsis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"127","author":[{"given":"Hu","family":"Xin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory for Forest Genetic &amp; Tree Improvement and Propagation in Universities of Yunnan Province Southwest Forestry University  Kunming 650224 China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Plant Carbon Capture, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences  Shanghai 200032 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fang","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Plant Carbon Capture, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences  Shanghai 200032 China"},{"name":"Department of Biology Washington University in St. Louis  St. Louis Missouri 63130 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dan","family":"Zong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory for Forest Genetic &amp; Tree Improvement and Propagation in Universities of Yunnan Province Southwest Forestry University  Kunming 650224 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