{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T05:54:15Z","timestamp":1791438855851,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791331200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":6,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Plant Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"SUMMARY<\/jats:title>\n \n The plant cuticle acts as a crucial barrier against abiotic stresses. In this study, the\n vulnerable anther<\/jats:italic>\n (\n van<\/jats:italic>\n ) gene on chromosome D13 was map\u2010based cloned in upland cotton and identified as\n GhMYB106_D13<\/jats:italic>\n . It was demonstrated that the differential distribution of\n MYB106<\/jats:italic>\n between D13 and A13 may represent post\u2010polyploidization convergent evolutionary events. Transcriptome analysis, metabolic profiling, and microscopic examination of anther cuticle in\n GhMYB106_D13<\/jats:italic>\n over\u2010expression and knockout lines revealed that\n GhMYB106_D13<\/jats:italic>\n affects the wax and cuticle biosynthesis pathway. GC\u2010MS analysis demonstrated that the loss of\n GhMYB106_D13<\/jats:italic>\n resulted in an ~27.6% reduction in total wax load, predominantly characterized by a decrease in very\u2010long\u2010chain alkanes, whereas overexpression (OE) led to wax accumulation. Key genes involved in the pathway including\n FACR2<\/jats:italic>\n ,\n LACS1<\/jats:italic>\n ,\n HHT1<\/jats:italic>\n , and\n PXG4<\/jats:italic>\n were found to be changed dynamically. Specifically,\n GhMYB106_D13<\/jats:italic>\n likely activates the expression of\n LACS1<\/jats:italic>\n , a gene involved in wax synthesis that was downregulated in Stage\u20108 anthers of the\n Ghmyb106_D13<\/jats:italic>\n mutant. Meanwhile, upregulation of\n FACR2<\/jats:italic>\n ,\n CYP704B1<\/jats:italic>\n , and\n HHT1<\/jats:italic>\n was suggested to be potentially involved in cuticle metabolism, possibly through altered 16\u2010feruloyloxypalmitic acid (16\u2010FA) level. Thus,\n GhMYB106_D13<\/jats:italic>\n contributes to the formation of the first protective \u2018shield\u2019 for the anther against external stresses. Additionally,\n GhMYB106_D13<\/jats:italic>\n participates in trichome differentiation, which constitutes a second \u2018shield\u2019 that encloses the petals and sequesters the anther in the bud before flowering. Overall, these findings unveil the dual function of\n GhMYB106_D13<\/jats:italic>\n in physical protection of plant propagation and offer valuable insights for future strategies aimed at improving stress tolerance in crops.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/tpj.71142","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T05:27:27Z","timestamp":1791437247000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["\n GhMYB106_D13<\/i>\n <\/scp>\n coordinates cuticle biosynthesis to build the dual shields for anther protection in upland cotton"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"128","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1023-8242","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bin","family":"Gao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement College of Plant Sciences & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan Hubei 430070 China"},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Longhua Bioindustry and Innovation Research Institute, Shenzhen University Shenzhen Guangdong 518060 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meilin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement College of Plant Sciences & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan Hubei 430070 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chao","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement College of Plant Sciences & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan Hubei 430070 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7703-524X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xianlong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement College of Plant Sciences & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan Hubei 430070 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8537-4890","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhongxu","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement College of Plant Sciences & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan Hubei 430070 China"},{"name":"Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Academy of Agricultural Sciences Urumqi 830091 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbi.2005.01.001","article-title":"Polyploidy and genome evolution in plants","volume":"8","author":"Adams K.L.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Current Opinion in Plant Biology"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plipres.2012.10.002","article-title":"Arabidopsis cuticular waxes: advances in synthesis, export and regulation","volume":"52","author":"Bernard A.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Progress in Lipid Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1465","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/ern355","article-title":"Male gametophyte development: a molecular perspective","volume":"60","author":"Borg M.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Botany"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/15592324.2021.1938432","article-title":"Arabidopsis thaliana TCP15 interacts with the MIXTA\u2010like transcription factor MYB106\/NOECK","volume":"16","author":"Camoirano A.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Plant Signaling & Behavior"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5438","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/eraa257","article-title":"Class I TCP transcription factors regulate trichome branching and cuticle development in Arabidopsis","volume":"71","author":"Camoirano A.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Botany"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2020.00081","article-title":"Open\u2010bud duplicate loci are identified as MML10s, orthologs of MIXTA\u2010like genes on homologous chromosomes of allotetraploid cotton","volume":"11","author":"Chen W.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Frontiers in Plant Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.16.00629","article-title":"IRREGULAR POLLEN EXINE1 is a novel factor in anther cuticle and pollen EXINE formation","volume":"173","author":"Chen X.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Plant Physiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3040.2007.01755.x","article-title":"Vitamin E is essential for the tolerance of Arabidopsis thaliana to metal\u2010induced oxidative stress","volume":"31","author":"Collin V.C.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Plant, Cell and Environment"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3779","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.124.19.3779","article-title":"Cell morphogenesis of trichomes in Arabidopsis: differential control of primary and secondary branching by branch initiation regulators and cell growth","volume":"124","author":"Folkers U.","year":"1997","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1111\/pce.14719","article-title":"Changes in wax composition but not amount enhance cuticular transpiration","volume":"47","author":"Gr\u00fcnhofer P.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Plant, Cell and Environment"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.20009","article-title":"Revisiting plant cuticle biophysics","volume":"244","author":"Heredia A.","year":"2024","journal-title":"The New Phytologist"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1104","DOI":"10.1111\/jipb.13071","article-title":"MYB106 is a negative regulator and a substrate for CRL3BPM E3 ligase in regulating flowering time in Arabidopsis thaliana","volume":"63","author":"Hong L.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Integrative Plant Biology"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8790","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.7b03049","article-title":"Chemical composition and water permeability of fruit and leaf cuticles of Olea europaea L","volume":"65","author":"Huang H.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1583","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.108.126979","article-title":"Transcriptional profiling of mature Arabidopsis trichomes reveals that NOECK encodes the MIXTA\u2010like transcriptional regulator MYB106","volume":"148","author":"Jakoby M.J.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Plant Physiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1038\/s41477-023-01587-7","article-title":"MdBT2 regulates nitrogen\u2010mediated cuticular wax biosynthesis via a MdMYB106\u2010MdCER2L1 signalling pathway in apple","volume":"10","author":"Jiang H.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nature Plants"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1007\/s10535-006-0082-5","article-title":"Identification of a novel elite genotype for in vitro culture and genetic transformation of cotton","volume":"50","author":"Jin S.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biologia Plantarum"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3015","DOI":"10.1105\/tpc.106.042044","article-title":"Wax\u2010deficient anther1 is involved in cuticle and wax production in rice anther walls and is required for pollen development","volume":"18","author":"Jung K.H.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Plant Cell"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19010243","article-title":"QTL mapping for fiber quality and yield traits based on introgression lines derived from Gossypium hirsutum \u00d7 G. tomentosum","volume":"19","author":"Keerio A.A.","year":"2018","journal-title":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1007\/s00299-015-1772-2","article-title":"Advances in the understanding of cuticular waxes in Arabidopsis thaliana and crop species","volume":"34","author":"Lee S.B.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Plant Cell Reports"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2562","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-024-01964-8","article-title":"Convergence and divergence of diploid and tetraploid cotton genomes","volume":"56","author":"Li J.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nature Genetics"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22008","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0909090106","article-title":"Nanoridges that characterize the surface morphology of flowers require the synthesis of cutin polyester","volume":"106","author":"Li\u2010Beisson Y.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1093\/plphys\/kiab422","article-title":"R2R3\u2010MYB genes coordinate conical cell development and cuticular wax biosynthesis in Phalaenopsis aphrodite","volume":"188","author":"Lu H.C.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Plant Physiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-313X.2009.03892.x","article-title":"Arabidopsis CER8 encodes LONG\u2010CHAIN ACYL\u2010COA SYNTHETASE 1 (LACS1) that has overlapping functions with LACS2 in plant wax and cutin synthesis","volume":"59","author":"L\u00fc S.","year":"2009","journal-title":"The Plant Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-313X.2009.03847.x","article-title":"The MYB transcription factor GhMYB25 regulates early fibre and trichome development","volume":"59","author":"Machado A.","year":"2009","journal-title":"The Plant Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4161\/psb.26826","article-title":"The MIXTA\u2010like transcription factor MYB16 is a major regulator of cuticle formation in vegetative organs","volume":"8","author":"Oshima Y.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Plant Signaling & Behavior"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2208496119","article-title":"Evolutionary divergence of duplicated genomes in newly described allotetraploid cottons","volume":"119","author":"Peng R.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","first-page":"216","volume-title":"Biology of the plant cuticle","author":"Pf\u00fcndel E.E.","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.arplant.59.103006.093219","article-title":"Sealing plant surfaces: cuticular wax formation by epidermal cells","volume":"59","author":"Samuels L.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Annual Review of Plant Biology"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1138","DOI":"10.1105\/tpc.111.083485","article-title":"The MYB96 transcription factor regulates cuticular wax biosynthesis under drought conditions in Arabidopsis","volume":"23","author":"Seo P.J.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Plant Cell"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1999","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygeno.2021.04.036","article-title":"Gossypium tomentosum genome and interspecific ultra\u2010dense genetic maps reveal genomic structures, recombination landscape and flowering depression in cotton","volume":"113","author":"Shen C.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Genomics"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1644","DOI":"10.1111\/tpj.15532","article-title":"Dissecting the molecular mechanism of russeting in sand pear (Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai) by metabolomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics","volume":"108","author":"Shi C.","year":"2021","journal-title":"The Plant Journal: For Cell and Molecular Biology"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.14789","article-title":"The roles of AaMIXTA 1 in regulating the initiation of glandular trichomes and cuticle biosynthesis in Artemisia annua","volume":"217","author":"Shi P.","year":"2018","journal-title":"New Phytologist"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16093","DOI":"10.1038\/nplants.2016.93","article-title":"Trichomes control flower bud shape by linking together young petals","volume":"2","author":"Tan J.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nature Plants"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1590","DOI":"10.1093\/pcp\/pcaa082","article-title":"Trichomes at the base of the petal are regulated by the same transcription factors as cotton seed fibers","volume":"61","author":"Tan J.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Plant & Cell Physiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-313X.2010.04464.x","article-title":"GhMYB25\u2010like: a key factor in early cotton fibre development","volume":"65","author":"Walford S.A.","year":"2011","journal-title":"The Plant Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s42397-018-0002-1","article-title":"Designations for individual genomes and chromosomes in Gossypium","volume":"1","author":"Wang K.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Cotton Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1111\/pbi.12755","article-title":"High efficient multisites genome editing in allotetraploid cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) using CRISPR\/Cas9 system","volume":"16","author":"Wang P.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Plant Biotechnology Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1006392424384","article-title":"Genome evolution in polyploids","volume":"42","author":"Wendel J.F.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Plant Molecular Biology"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.14844","article-title":"Genetics and evolution of MIXTA genes regulating cotton lint fiber development","volume":"217","author":"Wu H.","year":"2018","journal-title":"The New Phytologist"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1881","DOI":"10.1007\/s00299-014-1666-8","article-title":"OsABCG15 encodes a membrane protein that plays an important role in anther cuticle and pollen exine formation in rice","volume":"33","author":"Wu L.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Plant Cell Reports"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/srep09608","article-title":"Defective pollen wall contributes to male sterility in the male sterile line 1355A of cotton","volume":"5","author":"Wu Y.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.1111\/jipb.12212","article-title":"Rice CYP703A3, a cytochrome P450 hydroxylase, is essential for development of anther cuticle and pollen exine","volume":"56","author":"Yang X.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Integrative Plant Biology"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1007\/s00122-023-04379-x","article-title":"Gossypium mustelinum genome and an introgression population enrich interspecific genetics and breeding in cotton","volume":"136","author":"Yang Y.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Theoretical and Applied Genetics"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.113.222737","article-title":"The formation and function of plant cuticles","volume":"163","author":"Yeats T.H.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Plant Physiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1987","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-023-01530-8","article-title":"Regulatory controls of duplicated gene expression during fiber development in allotetraploid cotton","volume":"55","author":"You J.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nature Genetics"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.3207","article-title":"Sequencing of allotetraploid cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. acc. TM\u20101) provides a resource for fiber improvement","volume":"33","author":"Zhang T.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nature Biotechnology"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.1093\/pcp\/pcz019","article-title":"Functional overlap of long\u2010chain acyl\u2010CoA synthetases in Arabidopsis","volume":"60","author":"Zhao L.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Plant & Cell Physiology"}],"container-title":["The Plant Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/tpj.71142","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/tpj.71142","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/tpj.71142","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T05:27:33Z","timestamp":1791437253000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/tpj.71142"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/tpj.71142"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/tpj.71142","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0960-7412","1365-313X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0960-7412","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-313X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-05-16","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-07","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-10-07","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e71142"}}