{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T07:49:02Z","timestamp":1791618542204,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791590400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":9,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["31872867"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31872867"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32341027"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32341027"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022YFF1002902"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFF1002902"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Plant Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Grain weight is a key determinant of wheat yield, yet the developmental mechanisms that define this trait remain poorly understood. Here, we identify\n                    <jats:italic>TaPGW1\u2010A1<\/jats:italic>\n                    , a wheat\u2010specific proline\u2010rich gene that regulates grain weight.\n                    <jats:italic>TaPGW1\u2010A1<\/jats:italic>\n                    is a recently evolved gene found only in wheat. It is highly expressed in early developing grains, and its overexpression delays endosperm cellularization and prolongs the syncytial phase, resulting in an 8% increase in field\u2010based grain weight.\n                    <jats:italic>Ta<\/jats:italic>\n                    PGW1\u2010A1 protein directly interacts with the ubiquitin receptor\n                    <jats:italic>Ta<\/jats:italic>\n                    DSK2a (Dominant Suppressor of KAR2 homolog)\n                    <jats:italic>via<\/jats:italic>\n                    its N\u2010terminal signal peptide, and the protein\u2013protein complex localizes to the cell periphery. Biochemical assays show that\n                    <jats:italic>Ta<\/jats:italic>\n                    DSK2a binds both K48\u2010 and K63\u2010linked polyubiquitin chains. Loss\u2010of\u2010function of\n                    <jats:italic>Ta<\/jats:italic>\n                    DSK2a leads to reduced grain size, confirming its essential role in grain development. The E3 ligase\n                    <jats:italic>Ta<\/jats:italic>\n                    RGLG2 inhibits the binding of\n                    <jats:italic>Ta<\/jats:italic>\n                    PGW1\u2010A1 to\n                    <jats:italic>Ta<\/jats:italic>\n                    DSK2a. Together, these findings define a\n                    <jats:italic>Ta<\/jats:italic>\n                    PGW1\u2010A1\u2013\n                    <jats:italic>Ta<\/jats:italic>\n                    DSK2a\u2013\n                    <jats:italic>Ta<\/jats:italic>\n                    RGLG2 regulatory module that links developmental timing with ubiquitin\u2010mediated protein turnover, revealing a previously unrecognized mechanism controlling endosperm cellularization and grain yield in wheat.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/tpj.71148","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T07:03:06Z","timestamp":1791615786000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A wheat\u2010specific proline\u2010rich protein regulates grain weight through a ubiquitin\u2010mediated delay of endosperm cellularization"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"128","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-0994-4177","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Li","family":"Guo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Applied Plant Genomics Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Bioinformatics Centre and State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics &amp; Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization Nanjing Agricultural University  Nanjing 210095 Jiangsu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6828-2372","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yang","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Applied Plant Genomics Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Bioinformatics Centre and State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics &amp; Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization Nanjing Agricultural University  Nanjing 210095 Jiangsu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3376-6032","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shuanglin","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Applied Plant Genomics Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Bioinformatics Centre and State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics &amp; Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization Nanjing Agricultural University  Nanjing 210095 Jiangsu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-9174-0923","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Duoduo","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Applied Plant Genomics Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Bioinformatics Centre and State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics &amp; Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization Nanjing Agricultural University  Nanjing 210095 Jiangsu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-6616-2319","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zongyuan","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Applied Plant Genomics Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Bioinformatics Centre and State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics &amp; Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization Nanjing Agricultural University  Nanjing 210095 Jiangsu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shirong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Applied Plant Genomics Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Bioinformatics Centre and State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics &amp; Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization Nanjing Agricultural University  Nanjing 210095 Jiangsu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-9011-0805","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Li","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Applied Plant Genomics Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Bioinformatics Centre and State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics &amp; Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization Nanjing Agricultural University  Nanjing 210095 Jiangsu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2045-374X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Quan","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Applied Plant Genomics Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Bioinformatics Centre and State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics &amp; Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization Nanjing Agricultural University  Nanjing 210095 Jiangsu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4950-5387","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhengqiang","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Applied Plant Genomics Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Bioinformatics Centre and State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics &amp; Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization Nanjing Agricultural University  Nanjing 210095 Jiangsu China"},{"name":"Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory  No.50, Zhongling Street Nanjing 210014 Jiangsu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7988-7665","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haiyan","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Applied Plant Genomics Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Bioinformatics Centre and State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics &amp; Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization Nanjing Agricultural University  Nanjing 210095 Jiangsu China"},{"name":"Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory  No.50, Zhongling Street Nanjing 210014 Jiangsu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.15835\/nbha44110256","article-title":"Association between grain size and shape and quality traits, and path analysis of thousand grain weight in Iranian bread wheat landraces from different geographic regions","volume":"44","author":"Abdipour M.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj\u2010Napoca"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5485","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/eru308","article-title":"Proline\u2010rich protein\u2010like PRPL1 controls elongation of root hairs in Arabidopsis thaliana","volume":"65","author":"Boron A.K.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental 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