{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T08:39:04Z","timestamp":1792658344651,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":88,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792627200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":21,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014440","name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CGL2016\u201075694\u2010P"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CGL2016\u201075694\u2010P"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014440","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014440","name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PID2020\u2010119163GB\u2010I00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2020\u2010119163GB\u2010I00"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014440","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014440","name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CSN2023\u2010143604"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CSN2023\u2010143604"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014440","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100019945","name":"Direcci\u00f3 General de Recerca, Generalitat de Catalunya","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2017SGR01116"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017SGR01116"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100019945","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001824","name":"Grantov\u00e1 Agentura \u010cesk\u00e9 Republiky","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["25\u201016796S"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25\u201016796S"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001824","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Plant Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Concerted evolution is the model by which multicopy gene families are homogenized across genomes, with ribosomal DNA (rDNA) as its textbook example. However, the extent and efficiency of this process may vary depending on genomic factors. The plant family Asteraceae provides a natural comparative system to address the evolutionary dynamics of rDNA, as it is uniquely characterized by the coexistence of two contrasting genomic arrangements: a separate (S\u2010type) and a linked (L\u2010type) organization of 5S and 35S rRNA genes. Here we analyzed rDNA arrangements in 71 representative Asteraceae species (50\u2009S\u2010type and 21\u2009L\u2010type) and, using WGS data and repeatome analyses, we have reconstructed full rDNA units and quantified the intragenomic variability across coding (genic) and non\u2010coding (spacer) regions. No intermediate (coexisting L\u2010type+S\u2010type) genotypes were found. Our results reveal contrasting patterns of 5S rDNA variation depending on its genomic context. S\u2010type species exhibit high levels of 5S polymorphism in both genic and spacer regions, while L\u2010type species show near\u2010complete sequence homogeneity, consistent with variation in homogenization efficiency and selective constraints related to copy number and chromosomal position of 5S rRNA genes. In contrast, 35S rDNA shows a low polymorphism level overall. The findings support a context\u2010dependent view of concerted evolution across rDNA and highlight the influence of genome architecture on rDNA evolution. In particular, the contrasting behavior of 5S (highly conserved when linked but highly variable when separate) emerges as a key example of how structural genomic context shapes the evolution of even the most conserved housekeeping genes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/tpj.71174","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T07:53:14Z","timestamp":1792655594000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Genome architecture modulates\n                    <scp>35S<\/scp>\n                    and\n                    <scp>5S rDNA<\/scp>\n                    homogenization in Asteraceae"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"128","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3109-5028","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Vitales","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Bot\u00e0nic de Barcelona (IBB), CSIC\u2010CMCNB  Barcelona Catalonia 08038 Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5984-6815","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joan Pere","family":"Pascual\u2010D\u00edaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Bot\u00e0nic de Barcelona (IBB), CSIC\u2010CMCNB  Barcelona Catalonia 08038 Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Veronika","family":"Zoulov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Bot\u00e0nic de Barcelona (IBB), CSIC\u2010CMCNB  Barcelona Catalonia 08038 Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2896-0698","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ales","family":"Kovarik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biophysics Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic  Brno 61265 Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3143-0527","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S\u00f2nia","family":"Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Bot\u00e0nic de Barcelona (IBB), CSIC\u2010CMCNB  Barcelona Catalonia 08038 Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.3199\/iscb.2.11","article-title":"FISH physical mapping of 5S rDNA and telomere sequence repeats identified a peculiar chromosome mapping and mutation in Leucanthemella linearis and Nipponanthemum nipponicum in Chrysanthemum sensu lato","volume":"2","author":"Abd El\u2010Twab M.H.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Chromosome Botany"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.3199\/iscb.4.65","article-title":"Hybridity and relationship between Chrysanthemum shiwogiku Kitam. and C. vestitum (Hemsl.) Stapf","volume":"4","author":"Abd El\u2010Twab M.H.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Chromosome Botany"},{"issue":"20","key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3826","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2022.08.027","article-title":"Control of ribosomal RNA synthesis by hematopoietic transcription factors","volume":"82","author":"Antony C.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Molecular Cell"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.106503","article-title":"Ribosomal RNA synthesis by RNA polymerase I is subject to premature termination of transcription","volume":"14","author":"Azouzi C.","year":"2026","journal-title":"eLife"},{"issue":"17","key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10044","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.17.10044","article-title":"Distribution of genes in the genome of Arabidopsis thaliana and its implications for the genome organization of plants","volume":"95","author":"Barakat 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