{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T05:49:39Z","timestamp":1792043379839,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791936000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":13,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS\u20102024\u201000343006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS\u20102024\u201000343006"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS\u20102025\u201000512558, SRC"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS\u20102025\u201000512558, SRC"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Plant Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Drought stress severely restricts plant growth and productivity, and abscisic acid (ABA)\u2013mediated signaling plays a central role in coordinating adaptive responses to water deficit. Mitogen\u2010activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades are widely involved in plant stress signaling; however, the ubiquitin\u2010mediated regulation of MAPK stability during drought responses remains poorly understood. In this study, we conducted a yeast two\u2010hybrid screening and identified CaMAPK1, a pepper (\n                    <jats:italic>Capsicum annuum<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) MAPK, as an interacting partner of the RING\u2010type E3 ubiquitin ligase CaANKR1, which was further confirmed via\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    assays.\n                    <jats:italic>CaMAPK1<\/jats:italic>\n                    expression was induced by dehydration, osmotic stress, salinity stress, and ABA treatment. Furthermore, CaMAPK1 exhibited kinase activity and was predominantly localized to the nucleus. Ubiquitination assays revealed that CaANKR1 promoted K48\u2010linked polyubiquitination of CaMAPK1 in a RING domain\u2013dependent manner. Consistently, cell\u2010free degradation assays showed that CaMAPK1 protein stability negatively correlated with\n                    <jats:italic>CaANKR1<\/jats:italic>\n                    expression levels, indicating that CaANKR1 promotes the proteasome\u2010dependent degradation of CaMAPK1. Phenotypic assays revealed that\n                    <jats:italic>CaMAPK1<\/jats:italic>\n                    silencing in pepper reduced drought tolerance by altering ABA\u2010mediated stomatal responses and water retention, whereas\n                    <jats:italic>CaMAPK1<\/jats:italic>\n                    overexpression in\n                    <jats:italic>Arabidopsis<\/jats:italic>\n                    produced the opposite phenotype. Collectively, these findings suggest that CaANKR1 negatively modulates ABA\u2010mediated drought tolerance through ubiquitin\u2010dependent destabilization of CaMAPK1. Together, they reveal a mechanism underlying ABA\u2010driven drought responses and highlight a promising target for enhancing crop drought resilience.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/tpj.71181","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T05:39:15Z","timestamp":1792042755000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Pepper\n                    <scp>RING<\/scp>\n                    \u2010type\n                    <scp>E3<\/scp>\n                    ligase,\n                    <scp>CaANKR1<\/scp>\n                    , negatively regulates drought tolerance by modulating\n                    <scp>CaMAPK1<\/scp>\n                    stability"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"128","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-5604-6910","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Junyoung","family":"Cho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Life Science (BK21 Program) Chung\u2010Ang University  Seoul 06974 Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7319-7639","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chae Woo","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Life Science (BK21 Program) Chung\u2010Ang University  Seoul 06974 Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bomyeon","family":"Yun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Life Science (BK21 Program) Chung\u2010Ang University  Seoul 06974 Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4579-2094","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dae Sung","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences Hubei University  Wuhan 430062 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2725-0854","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sung Chul","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Life Science (BK21 Program) Chung\u2010Ang University  Seoul 06974 Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","first-page":"2026","article-title":"Morphological, physiological and biochemical responses of plants to drought stress","volume":"6","author":"Anjum S.A.","year":"2011","journal-title":"African Journal of Agricultural Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1016\/S1360-1385(01)02080-5","article-title":"Ubiquitylation in plants: a post\u2010genomic look at a post\u2010translational modification","volume":"6","author":"Bachmair A.","year":"2001","journal-title":"Trends in Plant 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