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Exploring the heterogeneity in the replication potential of viruses emerging from various producer cells, we compared the infectivity dynamics of viruses produced by CD4+ T lymphocytes, a cell type that supports the HIV\u20101 propagation, with those from astrocytes that allow for limited viral replication. We found the viruses emerging from these two cell types not only differed in their infectivity, but also in the host proteins that get associated with these virions. We focused on Importin \u03b21, an autonomous nuclear transport receptor, which was present in the virion fractions from CD4+ T lymphocytes but absent in those from astrocytes. Our analysis revealed that Importin \u03b21 gets associated with the virus through interactions with HIV\u20101 Gag and Capsid proteins. Using Importin \u03b21 knockout cell models, we found that virion\u2010associated Importin \u03b21 enhanced viral infectivity by facilitating the import of the viral Pre\u2010integration complex (PIC) into the nucleus of an infected cell. Linking positive factors, such as Importin \u03b21, to emerging virions can determine the viral infectivity in subsequent infection rounds, influencing disease progression.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/tra.70021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,23]],"date-time":"2025-10-23T07:00:21Z","timestamp":1761202821000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Virion Associated Importin Subunit Beta\u20101 Augments Nuclear Import of\n                    <scp>HIV<\/scp>\n                    \u20101 Pre\u2010Integration Complex"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Sriram","family":"Yandrapally","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences University of Hyderabad  Hyderabad India"},{"name":"Section of Infectious Diseases Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine  New Haven Connecticut 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