{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,30]],"date-time":"2024-08-30T15:19:19Z","timestamp":1725031159448},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3pt2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,17]],"date-time":"2013-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1371427200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Transfusion"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,3]]},"abstract":"Background<\/jats:title>Posttransfusion sepsis is typically caused by aerobic bacteria in apheresis platelets (PLTs<\/jats:styled-content>) that escape detection by routine quality control cultures performed on every donation before components are distributed. We report the first case to implicate an anaerobic isolate, Clostridium perfringens<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content>, in apheresis PLTs<\/jats:styled-content> and investigate its detection in vitro by approved tests.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Study Design and Methods<\/jats:title>The C.\u2009perfringens<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content> strain was inoculated at high (10\u2010100 colony\u2010forming units [CFUs<\/jats:styled-content>]\/mL<\/jats:styled-content>) or low (1\u201010 CFUs<\/jats:styled-content>\/mL<\/jats:styled-content>) concentrations into apheresis PLTs<\/jats:styled-content> and evaluated for growth over 5 to 7 days by qualitative plate cultures, culture\u2010based assays (BacT<\/jats:styled-content>\/ALERT<\/jats:styled-content> 3D<\/jats:styled-content>), and rapid (PLT PGD<\/jats:styled-content>) tests.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>C.\u2009perfringens<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content> grew in only 3 of 8 apheresis PLT<\/jats:styled-content> units after inoculation at either high (2 units) or low (1 unit) concentrations. The PGD<\/jats:styled-content> test detected the isolate after 5 days in 1 unit with 4.7\u2009\u00d7\u2009105<\/jats:sup> CFUs<\/jats:styled-content>\/mL<\/jats:styled-content> but failed at five other time points in units with greater than 105<\/jats:sup> CFUs<\/jats:styled-content>\/mL<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion<\/jats:title>C.\u2009perfringens<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content> demonstrated variable growth in spiked PLTs<\/jats:styled-content> and was not consistently detected by a rapid test even when high levels of contamination were present. The case underscores the importance of direct observation during transfusion, appropriate clinical management, and immediate reporting of suspected septic reactions to the blood center.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.12282","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,18]],"date-time":"2013-06-18T04:59:42Z","timestamp":1371531582000},"page":"857-862","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Clostridium perfringens<\/i><\/scp> in apheresis platelets: an unusual contaminant underscores the importance of clinical vigilance for septic transfusion reactions (CME)"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Anne F.","family":"Eder","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Headquarters Biomedical Services"},{"name":"Holland Laboratory American Red Cross Rockville Maryland"},{"name":"American Red Cross Louisville Kentucky"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Claire E.","family":"Meena\u2010Leist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Headquarters Biomedical Services"},{"name":"Holland Laboratory American Red Cross Rockville Maryland"},{"name":"American Red Cross Louisville Kentucky"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cheryl A.","family":"Hapip","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Headquarters Biomedical Services"},{"name":"Holland Laboratory American Red Cross Rockville Maryland"},{"name":"American Red Cross Louisville Kentucky"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Beth A.","family":"Dy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Headquarters Biomedical Services"},{"name":"Holland Laboratory American Red Cross Rockville Maryland"},{"name":"American Red Cross Louisville Kentucky"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard J.","family":"Benjamin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Headquarters Biomedical Services"},{"name":"Holland Laboratory American Red Cross Rockville Maryland"},{"name":"American Red Cross Louisville Kentucky"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephen J.","family":"Wagner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Headquarters Biomedical Services"},{"name":"Holland Laboratory American Red Cross Rockville Maryland"},{"name":"American Red Cross Louisville Kentucky"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2007.01248.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2009.02192.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2009.02460.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2008.01763.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000330466"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2004.04019.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3148.1998.00120.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1537-2995.2001.4103427.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2011.03308.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1423-0410.2011.01572.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1423-0410.2008.01051.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2012.03821.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","unstructured":"American Association of Blood Banks.AABB Association Bulletin 12\u201004 Recommendations to address residual risk of bacterial contamination of platelets. October 4 2012. [cited 2013 May 27]. 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