{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T12:34:40Z","timestamp":1791117280716,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,10]],"date-time":"2013-10-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1381363200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Transfusion"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Five cases of variant <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>reutzfeldt\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">J<\/jats:styled-content>akob disease (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">vCJD<\/jats:styled-content>) infections were attributed to infusion of contaminated blood components, turning to real the interhuman transmissibility of this prion disease from asymptomatic carriers. Preventive policies rely on exclusion from blood donation and benefit of leukoreduction initially implemented against leukotropic viruses. In the absence of available antemortem diagnostic tests, the updated prevalence of silent <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">vCJD<\/jats:styled-content> infections (1\/2000 in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">U<\/jats:styled-content>nited <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">K<\/jats:styled-content>ingdom) urges the necessity to enforce blood safety with more efficient active measures able to remove the remaining infectivity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Several affinity resins were demonstrated to reduce high levels of brain\u2010spiked infectivity from human leukoreduced red blood cells (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">L<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RBCs<\/jats:styled-content>). One was integrated in a device adapted to field constraints (volumes, duration) of human transfusion. We assessed here the ability of the resulting removal filter, termed <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>apt, to remove infectivity from human <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">L<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RBC<\/jats:styled-content> units spiked with scrapie\u2010infected hamster brain (\u226510,000 infectious units\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">mL<\/jats:styled-content>), through inoculation of hamsters with pre\u2010 and post\u2013blood filtration samples.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Incubation periods of recipient animals suggest around a 3\u2010log removal of brain\u2010derived prion infectivity by filtration through the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>apt.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>On brain\u2010derived spiked infectivity, the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>apt filter provided a performance similar to the resin packed in columns used for initial proof\u2010of\u2010concept studies, suggesting an appropriate scale\u2010up to efficiently remove infectivity from an individual human blood bag. According to the ability of resin to completely remove apparent endogenous infectivity from hamster leukoreduced blood, the implementation of such a filter, now commercially available, might seriously improve blood safety toward prions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.12420","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,12]],"date-time":"2013-10-12T02:16:46Z","timestamp":1381544206000},"page":"1037-1045","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Removal of exogenous prion infectivity in leukoreduced red blood cells unit by a specific filter designed for human transfusion"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Nathalie","family":"Lescoutra\u2010Etchegaray","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Macopharma  Fontenay\u2010aux\u2010Roses France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chryslain","family":"Sumian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Macopharma  Tourcoing France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Audrey","family":"Culeux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Macopharma  Fontenay\u2010aux\u2010Roses France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Val\u00e9rie","family":"Durand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Emerging Diseases and Innovative Therapies (iMETI), Division of Prions and Related Diseases (SEPIA) CEA  Fontenay\u2010aux\u2010Roses France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick V.","family":"Gurgel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ProMetic Biosciences  Raleigh North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean\u2010Philippe","family":"Deslys","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Emerging Diseases and Innovative Therapies (iMETI), Division of Prions and Related Diseases (SEPIA) CEA  Fontenay\u2010aux\u2010Roses France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmanuel E.","family":"Comoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Emerging Diseases and Innovative Therapies (iMETI), Division of Prions and Related Diseases (SEPIA) CEA  Fontenay\u2010aux\u2010Roses France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bmb\/66.1.255"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/382779a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2002.2156"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bmb\/66.1.185"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)15486-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)16811-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1423-0410.2006.00837.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1423-0410.2006.00833.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tmrv.2006.03.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awt032"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(06)70413-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2516.2009.02181.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","first-page":"50","article-title":"Variant Creutzfeldt\u2010Jakob disease: an update","volume":"50","author":"Ironside JW","year":"2012","journal-title":"Folia Neuropathol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.b1442"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1580"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.38804.511644.55"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","unstructured":"U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Food and Drug Administration Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research.Guidance for Industry\u2014Revised Preventive Measures to Reduce the Possible Risk of Transmission of Creutzfeldt\u2010Jakob Disease (CJD) and Variant Creutzfeldt\u2010Jakob Disease (vCJD) by Blood and Blood Products. 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