{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]],"date-time":"2026-01-28T11:37:21Z","timestamp":1769600241844,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,16]],"date-time":"2013-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1381881600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Transfusion"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The cold agglutinin (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CAGG<\/jats:styled-content>) titer is offered at our institution to aid in diagnosing cold agglutinin disease (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CAD<\/jats:styled-content>). Our goal was to create a seasonally adjusted reference range using prospective samples and compare it to a reference range generated retrospectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prospective <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CAGG<\/jats:styled-content> titer testing was performed on healthy blood donors. Retrospective electronic analysis was performed on patients in two groups defined by current and historical testing methods. Blood donor testing was performed in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">J<\/jats:styled-content>anuary and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">J<\/jats:styled-content>uly to determine if seasonal variation existed. Retrospective patients with conditions associated with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CAD<\/jats:styled-content> were excluded from analysis. Additional prospective <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CAGG<\/jats:styled-content> testing using reference range program volunteers was performed to verify blood donor and patient result differences.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Titers from the blood donor and patient cohorts had no age association (p\u2009&gt;\u20090.44). Titers from those same cohorts did not show winter\/summer variation (p\u2009&gt;\u20090.11). No sex association was found with titer reference ranges in the blood donor and historical patient cohort. A sex association was found with titers in the current method patient cohort (male 64 to 512 and female \u226464; p\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001). Blood donor <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CAGG<\/jats:styled-content> titer lower 95% reference range was not more than 4 while historical and current patient cohorts ranges were not more than 32 and not more than 64, respectively. Reference range volunteers confirmed the narrow reference range in healthy individuals when compared to patients and blood donors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prospective blood donor <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CAGG<\/jats:styled-content> titers were lower than retrospective patient cohorts. This may be due to blood donors representing a healthier population than the patient cohorts.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.12453","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,16]],"date-time":"2013-10-16T09:53:02Z","timestamp":1381917182000},"page":"1294-1297","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Defining a reference range for cold agglutinin titers"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Brenda J.","family":"Bendix","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Transfusion Medicine Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Craig D.","family":"Tauscher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Transfusion Medicine Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sandra C.","family":"Bryant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James R.","family":"Stubbs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Transfusion Medicine Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eapen K.","family":"Jacob","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Transfusion Medicine Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","volume-title":"Modern blood banking and transfusion practices","author":"Harmening DM","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0955-3886(00)00033-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.1977.tb00623.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","volume-title":"Immune hemolytic anemias","author":"Petz LD","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","volume-title":"Applied blood group serology","author":"Issitt PD","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.96.09122630"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.97.10102432"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2008.111237"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1721","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.37.6.1721-1726.1999","article-title":"Incidence of upper respiratory tract Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections among outpatients in Rh\u00f4ne\u2010Alpes, France during five successive winter periods","volume":"37","author":"Layani\u2010Milon M","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","first-page":"221A","article-title":"Saving time with automation of cold agglutinin titrations [abstract]","volume":"48","author":"Vasgaard L","year":"2008","journal-title":"Transfusion"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","unstructured":"BollagR GuggisbergN CookL.Cold Agglutinin Disease No. TM 09\u20101 (TM \u2013309) Transfusion Medicine Checksample ASCP Volume 52 Number 1 pp 1\u201011 2009."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","unstructured":"HorowitzGL AltaieS BoydJC et\u2009al.Defining establishing and verifying reference intervals in the clinical laboratory; approved guideline\u2014third edition C28A3. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute2010;28(30)."}],"container-title":["Transfusion"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Ftrf.12453","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/trf.12453","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,29]],"date-time":"2023-09-29T15:42:58Z","timestamp":1696002178000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/trf.12453"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,16]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/trf.12453"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/trf.12453","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0041-1132","1537-2995"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0041-1132","type":"print"},{"value":"1537-2995","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,16]]}}}