{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T14:39:56Z","timestamp":1761489596088},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,11]],"date-time":"2015-03-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1426032000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Transfusion"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sterility testing for cord blood (CB) products is mandatory to prevent transplantation\u2010transmitted microbial infections. Here, the automated BacT\/ALERT (bioM\u00e9rieux) culture system was validated to detect microbial contamination in CB units processed at the Canadian National Public Cord Blood Bank.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p>A three\u2010phase validation was developed. CB units were prepared with pentastarch (Phases 1 and 2) or hetastarch (Phase 3). In Phase 1, CB was spiked with approximately 100 colony\u2010forming units\/mL of <jats:italic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Staphylococcus epidermidis<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Bacteroides fragilis<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Candida albicans<\/jats:italic>. Plasma (8 mL) and buffy coat (BC; 0.5 and 8 mL) were inoculated into culture bottles. In Phases 2 and 3, a mix of red blood cells (RBCs) and plasma (4 mL each) was used as the inoculant. In Phase 3, <jats:italic>Aspergillus brasiliensis<\/jats:italic> was added as a test organism and microbial concentrations in the by\u2010product RBCs and plasma were determined. The BC fractions were cryopreserved and tested 3 months later.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>In Phase 1, bacteria failed to grow in CB units containing antibiotics. Thus, antibiotic\u2010free units were used for the other phases. <jats:italic>C. albicans<\/jats:italic> was not always captured in plasma, but using a mix of RBCs and plasma, all organisms were detected. The use of pentastarch or hetastarch did not affect microbial recovery. <jats:italic>C. albicans<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>A. brasiliensis<\/jats:italic> were preferentially recovered in RBCs and BC. Cryopreservation did not affect microbial survival during CB processing.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title><jats:p>A mix of plasma and RBCs is appropriate for CB sterility testing. Interestingly, fungi preferentially segregate to cellular fractions. The clinical significance of the bactericidal \/or bacteriostatic effect of antibiotics in CB merits further investigation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.13050","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,11]],"date-time":"2015-03-11T08:19:14Z","timestamp":1426061954000},"page":"1985-1992","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Validation of sterility testing of cord blood: challenges and results"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Sandra","family":"Ramirez\u2010Arcos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Product and Process Development Canadian Blood Services Centre for Innovation"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuntong","family":"Kou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Product and Process Development Canadian Blood Services Centre for Innovation"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Public Cord Blood Bank Canadian Blood Services Ottawa Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heather","family":"Perkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Product and Process Development Canadian Blood Services Centre for Innovation"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mariam","family":"Taha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Product and Process Development Canadian Blood Services Centre for Innovation"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mike","family":"Halpenny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Public Cord Blood Bank Canadian Blood Services Ottawa Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heidi","family":"Elmoazzen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Public Cord Blood Bank Canadian Blood Services Ottawa Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.13136"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"DanyleskoI ShimoniA NaglerA.Allogeneic stem cell transplantation and targeted immunotherapy for multiple myeloma.Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk2013;13Suppl 2:S330\u201348.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clml.2013.05.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2014.08.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2011.03507.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bmt.1705690"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","volume-title":"Standards for cellular therapy services","author":"American Association of Blood Banks","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","volume-title":"International NetCord Foundation\/Foundation for the Accreditation of Cellular Therapy (FACT). 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