{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T13:56:32Z","timestamp":1789394192561,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,18]],"date-time":"2015-05-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1431907200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Canadian Blood Services and Health Canada although the views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of the Canadian Federal government"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Transfusion"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title><jats:p>Bacterial contamination of platelet concentrates (PCs) poses the major posttransfusion infectious risk in developed countries. The aerobic microorganism most frequently isolated from PCs is coagulase\u2010negative <jats:italic>Staphylococcus epidermidis<\/jats:italic>, a normal inhabitant of the human skin, which has been involved in fatal transfusion reactions worldwide.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CASE REPORT<\/jats:title><jats:p>In September 2014, a splenectomized elderly male patient, suffering from leukemia, was transfused with two 5\u2010day\u2010old buffy coat platelet (PLT) pools. The patient returned to emergency on the same day with a low\u2010grade fever. He was bacteremic and died on the next day. Microbiology and molecular testing of a blood sample from the patient and one of the PCs yielded the same <jats:italic>S. epidermidis<\/jats:italic> strain. Further analysis demonstrated that this <jats:italic>S. epidermidis<\/jats:italic> isolate displays a biofilm\u2010positive phenotype in PCs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>DISCUSSION<\/jats:title><jats:p>At Canadian Blood Services, PCs are screened for bacterial contamination with the BacT\/ALERT system (bioM\u00e9rieux) at approximately 24 hours postcollection. The implicated PC had been tested and yielded a false\u2010negative culture result. A titration experiment indicated that, at the time of screening, the contaminated PC had a titer of less than 0.74 colony\u2010forming units (CFU)\/mL (&lt;227 CFUs\/unit) of <jats:italic>S. epidermidis<\/jats:italic>. Mathematical models have predicted that up to 70% of PCs contaminated with coagulase\u2010negative staphylococci at concentrations of 0.02 CFU\/mL can be missed by BacT\/ALERT screening.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title><jats:p>Despite several mitigation strategies, false\u2010negative cultures with current PLT screening practices still occur. This report creates awareness of the pathogenicity of opportunistic <jats:italic>S. epidermidis<\/jats:italic>, a low\u2010virulence organism, in susceptible patients who may not develop a typical transfusion reaction.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.13154","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,18]],"date-time":"2015-05-18T10:33:01Z","timestamp":1431945181000},"page":"2384-2389","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Fatal false\u2010negative transfusion infection involving a buffy coat platelet pool contaminated with biofilm\u2010positive <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis<\/i>: a case report"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Yuntong","family":"Kou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Canadian Blood Services"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Franco","family":"Pagotto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Canada Ottawa Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Hannach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Canadian Blood Services"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Ramirez\u2010Arcos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Canadian Blood Services"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"#cr-split#-e_1_2_6_2_1.1","unstructured":"Guideline for investigation of suspected transfusion transmitted bacterial contamination [Internet]. 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