{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T11:31:08Z","timestamp":1770895868861,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,1]],"date-time":"2015-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1443657600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Transfusion"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title><jats:p>Human babesiosis, caused by the intraerythrocytic protozoan parasite <jats:italic>Babesia microti<\/jats:italic>, is primarily transmitted by tick bites and is also transmitted by transfusion. Infections have been identified in US blood donors close to Canadian borders. We aimed to assess the risk of transfusion\u2010transmitted babesiosis in Canada by examining infections in ticks and seroprevalence in blood donors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Passive surveillance (receipt of ticks submitted by the public) was used to identify regions for tick drag sampling (active surveillance, 2009\u20102014). All ticks were tested for <jats:italic>B. microti<\/jats:italic> using an indirect immunofluorescent antibody assay (Imugen, Inc.). Between July and December 2013, blood donations from selected sites (southern Manitoba, Ontario, Qu\u00e9bec, New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia) near endemic US regions were tested for antibody to <jats:italic>B. microti<\/jats:italic>. Donors completed a questionnaire about risk travel and possible tick exposure.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of approximately 12,000 ticks submitted, 14 were <jats:italic>B. microti<\/jats:italic> positive (10 in Manitoba, one in Ontario, one in Qu\u00e9bec, two in New Brunswick). From active tick surveillance, six of 361 ticks in Manitoba were positive (1.7%), three of 641 (0.5%) in Qu\u00e9bec, and none elsewhere. There were 26,260 donors at the selected sites of whom 13,993 (53%) were tested. None were positive for antibody to <jats:italic>B. microti<\/jats:italic>. In 2013, 47% of donors visited forested areas in Canada, and 41% traveled to the United States.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title><jats:p>The data do not suggest that laboratory\u2010based testing is warranted at this time. However, there are indicators that <jats:italic>B. microti<\/jats:italic> may be advancing into Canada and ongoing monitoring of tick populations and donor seroprevalence is indicated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.13339","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,1]],"date-time":"2015-10-01T21:28:55Z","timestamp":1443734935000},"page":"237-243","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Seroprevalence of <scp><i>B<\/i><\/scp><i>abesia microti<\/i> infection in <scp>C<\/scp>anadian blood donors"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Sheila F.","family":"O'Brien","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Canadian Blood Services Ottawa Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gilles","family":"Delage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"H\u00e9ma\u2010Qu\u00e9bec Montreal Qu\u00e9bec Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vito","family":"Scalia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Canadian Blood Services Ottawa Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robbin","family":"Lindsay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Agency of Canada Winnipeg Manitoba Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"France","family":"Bernier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"H\u00e9ma\u2010Qu\u00e9bec Montreal Qu\u00e9bec Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sophie","family":"Dubuc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"H\u00e9ma\u2010Qu\u00e9bec Montreal Qu\u00e9bec Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marc","family":"Germain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"H\u00e9ma\u2010Qu\u00e9bec Montreal Qu\u00e9bec Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gerry","family":"Pilot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Canadian Blood Services Ottawa Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qi\u2010Long","family":"Yi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Canadian Blood Services Ottawa Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Margaret A.","family":"Fearon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Canadian Blood Services Ottawa Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2011.03467.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1202018"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","first-page":"505","article-title":"Babesiosis surveillance\u201418 states, 2011","volume":"61","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.","year":"2012","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-155-8-201110180-00362"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","first-page":"1721","article-title":"Transfusion\u2010transmitted babesiosis in Ontario: first reported case in Canada","volume":"164","author":"Kain KC","year":"2001","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.12622"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.12763"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00022-10"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1307799"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-7-183"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","unstructured":"Lyme disease surveillance [Internet]. 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