{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T08:27:48Z","timestamp":1740126468152,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,23]],"date-time":"2015-11-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1448236800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Department of Health, England,"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012095","name":"Scottish Government.","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012095","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Transfusion"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title><jats:p>Four secondary transmissions of variant Creutzfeldt\u2010Jakob disease (vCJD) infectivity have been associated with the transfusion of nonleukoreduced red blood cells collected from vCJD patients during the asymptomatic phase of the disease. Establishing efficient experimental models for assessing the risk of future transmissions of vCJD infectivity via blood transfusion is of paramount importance in view of a study of archived appendix samples in which the prevalence of asymptomatic vCJD infection in the United Kingdom was estimated at approximately 1 in 2000 of the population. In this study, we investigated transmission of vCJD and sporadic CJD (sCJD) infectivity from blood using the squirrel monkey, which is highly susceptible to experimental challenge with human prion disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Whole blood collected from vCJD\u2010 and sCJD\u2010infected squirrel monkeys was transfused at multiple time points into recipient squirrel monkeys. Blood recipients were euthanized approximately 7 years after their first blood transfusion.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>No clinical or pathologic signs of a prion disease were observed in either the sCJD\u2010 or the vCJD\u2010transfused monkeys, and immunohistochemistry and biochemical investigations showed no PrP<jats:sup>TSE<\/jats:sup> in central nervous system or lymphoreticular tissues. Similarly, monkeys inoculated intracerebrally (IC) and intravenously (IV) with either buffy coat or plasma from vCJD and sCJD patients failed to develop disease. However, white blood cells from a chimpanzee\u2010passaged strain of human Gerstmann\u2010Str\u00e4ussler\u2010Scheinker (GSS) disease transmitted autopsy\u2010proven disease to two IC\u2010inoculated monkeys after incubation periods of 34 and 39 months.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title><jats:p>Blood transmits GSS but not sCJD or vCJD infectivity to IC\u2010 or IV\u2010inoculated squirrel monkeys within a 7\u2010year observation period.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.13422","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,23]],"date-time":"2015-11-23T08:09:29Z","timestamp":1448266169000},"page":"712-721","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Blood transmission studies of prion infectivity in the squirrel monkey (<scp><i>S<\/i><\/scp><i>aimiri sciureus<\/i>): the Baxter study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Diane L.","family":"Ritchie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National 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of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital Edinburgh Scotland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Stroke, National Institutes of Health Bethesda 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