{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T22:14:54Z","timestamp":1783116894853,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,1]],"date-time":"2016-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1464739200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Transfusion"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title><jats:p>West Nile virus (WNV) infection, commonly asymptomatic, may cause mild West Nile fever (WNF) or potentially fatal neuroinvasive disease (WNND). An outbreak of 262 cases of the new Lineage 2 strain in Greece in 2010 continued with high mortality (17%) in WNND. The objective was to investigate ABO, D, and Lewis blood groups, as well as HLA Class I and Class II alleles, in relation to WNV Lineage 2 disease morbidity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p>A cohort of 132 Greek WNV cases in 2010 to 2013 (65% male; mean age 64 years; 41% WNF, 59% WNND) was compared to 51,339 healthy WNV\u2010negative blood donors and 246 healthy subjects.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Blood group A was more common in WNV cases (51%) than blood donors (39%) and group O less common (32% vs. 42%). D negativity within group A was higher in WNV than in blood donors (18% vs. 10%, p\u2009=\u20090.044). The frequency of secretors (Lewis(a\u2013b+)) was 60% in WNV and 68% in donors (p\u2009=\u20090.16). HLA alleles C*08, DRB1*O4:O5, and DQB1*O2 occurred significantly less frequently in WNV than controls (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.05 unadjusted for multiple testing) and DRB1*10:O1 more frequently (p\u2009=\u20090.039).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title><jats:p>This first study of symptomatic WNV Lineage 2 suggests A\/D negativity as a new risk factor associated with WNV infection and level of morbidity. Further studies are required of the possibility that HLA C*08, DRB1*O4:O5, and DQB1*O2 are protective alleles and DRB1*10:O1 a \u201csusceptible\u201d allele to WNV infection and the role of secretor status in relation to WNV infection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.13667","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,1]],"date-time":"2016-06-01T12:23:18Z","timestamp":1464783798000},"page":"2115-2121","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Associations of ABO, D, and Lewis blood groups and HLA Class I and Class II alleles with West Nile virus Lineage 2 disease outcome in Greece, 2010 to 2013"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Constantina","family":"Politis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Coordinating Haemovigilance Centre"},{"name":"Hellenic Centre for Disease Control and Prevention Athens, 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