{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T18:34:32Z","timestamp":1761676472527},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,2]],"date-time":"2016-11-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1478044800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Transfusion"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title><jats:p>Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)\u2010positive blood donors pose a risk to blood safety. The Southeastern United States has the highest reported HIV infection rates. Here we calculate HIV prevalence, incidence, and residual risk in Southeastern US blood donors and report risk factors disclosed by incident donors in counseling sessions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p>American Red Cross donation and testing data from 2009 to 2014 for three Southeastern collection regions were used to calculate HIV prevalence, incidence, and residual risk. Incident donors had a previous HIV\u2010negative donation within 730 days of their positive donation. Residual risk was defined as the window period multiplied by incidence.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>From 2009 to 2014, a total of 236 HIV\u2010positive donors occurred in these regions for an overall prevalence of 8.3 per 100,000 donations. There were 56 incident donors over the 6\u2010year period with incidence decreasing from 7.1 per 100,000 person\u2010years (PYs) in the first two years (2009\u20132010) to 3.5 in the last two years (2013\u20132014). Residual risk decreased from 1 in 562,000 to 1 in 1,100,000. The most commonly reported risk factor behavior in male incident donors was men who have sex with men; females expressed no predominant risk factor.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title><jats:p>HIV prevalence and incidence among blood donors in the southeast are higher than other US regions, consistent with general public health surveillance. However, the overall residual risk estimates are low at less than 1 per million. Ongoing monitoring of the blood supply along with educational efforts to provide infected individuals with alternatives to donation remain important initiatives.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.13891","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,3]],"date-time":"2016-11-03T02:54:34Z","timestamp":1478141674000},"page":"404-411","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Prevalence, incidence, and risk factors of human immunodeficiency virus infection in blood donors in the Southeastern United States"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Lauren A.","family":"Crowder","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Affairs American Red Cross Columbia South Carolina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Whitney R.","family":"Steele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Affairs American Red Cross Columbia South Carolina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"suffix":"IV","given":"Edward P.","family":"Notari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Affairs American Red Cross Columbia South Carolina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Courtney K.","family":"Hopkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"East Division, Biomedical Services American Red Cross Columbia South Carolina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jose L.O.","family":"Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Southern Region American Red Cross Douglasville Georgia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gregory A.","family":"Foster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Affairs American Red Cross Columbia South Carolina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rebecca L.","family":"Townsend","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Affairs American Red Cross Columbia South Carolina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David E.","family":"Krysztof","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Affairs American Red Cross Columbia South Carolina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roger Y.","family":"Dodd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Office, Biomedical Services American Red Cross Rockville Maryland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susan L.","family":"Stramer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Affairs American Red Cross Columbia South Carolina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","unstructured":"HIV in the United States: at a glance [Internet]. Atlanta: US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention;2015[cited 2016 Mar 18]. Available from:www.cdc.gov\/hiv\/statistics\/overview\/ataglance.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tmrv.2011.07.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","unstructured":"Revised recommendations for reducing the risk of human immunodeficiency virus transmission by blood and blood products: guidance for industry [Internet]. Silver Spring (MD): U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Food and Drug Administration Center for Biologic Evaluation and Research.2015[cited 2016 Mar 18]. Available from:http:\/\/www.fda.gov\/downloads\/BiologicsBloodVaccines\/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation\/Guidances\/Blood\/UCM446580.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1537-2995.2002.00174.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2010.02621.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2012.03904.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.13759"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.12951"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","unstructured":"HIV in the Southern United States. CDC Issue Brief. 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