{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T17:50:36Z","timestamp":1775065836760,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,14]],"date-time":"2017-03-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1489449600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Transfusion"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title><jats:p>Several publications have reported an increase in nonspecific reactions when automated technologies such as solid phase are used for the detection of red blood cell alloantibodies. However, there is little known about patient\u2010specific factors associated with these reactions and the clinical importance of these nonspecific reactions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p>We performed a 6\u2010year retrospective review of our blood bank records and all newly reported unidentified (UID) reactivity using a test tube polyethylene glycol (t\u2010PEG) and solid\u2010phase method for the detection and identification of alloantibodies was recorded. Patient factors, such as underlying diagnosis, age, sex, ABO, Rh type, ethnicity, and subsequent antibody formation were recorded in each case.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>We determined that there was a significant increase in new UID reactions recorded in solid phase (20 per 10,000 tests) when compared to the t\u2010PEG (1.8 per 10,000 tests) method for the detection of antibodies (p\u2009\u2264\u20090.0001). Solid\u2010phase UID reactions were significantly associated with female sex (p\u00a0=\u00a00.04) and certain diagnoses, such as chronic or autoimmune disease, cancer, pregnancy, surgery, and trauma. Approximately 16% of patients developed a new auto\u2010 or alloantibody subsequent to their detected UID using solid phase.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title><jats:p>When solid phase is used for antibody identification, there is greater sensitivity toward nonspecific reactivity when compared to the t\u2010PEG method. Patient sex and underlying diagnosis may explain the increased incidence of new UID reactivity in the solid\u2010phase technology. Finally, UID reactivity should not be overlooked due to a notable percentage of subsequent clinically significant antibodies after UID detection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.14079","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,15]],"date-time":"2017-03-15T03:36:44Z","timestamp":1489549004000},"page":"1288-1293","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Patient factors associated with unidentified reactivity in solid\u2010phase and polyethylene glycol antibody detection methods"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Nichole M.","family":"Miller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Diagnostic Laboratories BloodCenter of Wisconsin Milwaukee Wisconsin"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susan T.","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diagnostic Laboratories BloodCenter of Wisconsin Milwaukee Wisconsin"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Erica","family":"Carpenter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical College of Wisconsin Milwaukee Wisconsin"},{"name":"Wisconsin Diagnostic Laboratories Milwaukee Wisconsin"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christine A.","family":"Naczek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical College of Wisconsin Milwaukee Wisconsin"},{"name":"Wisconsin Diagnostic Laboratories Milwaukee Wisconsin"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthew S.","family":"Karafin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Sciences Institute BloodCenter of Wisconsin Milwaukee Wisconsin"},{"name":"Wisconsin Diagnostic Laboratories Milwaukee Wisconsin"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","volume-title":"Technical 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testing during routine screening [abstract]","volume":"54","author":"Olson J","year":"2014","journal-title":"Transfusion"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","first-page":"SP272","article-title":"Evaluation of inconclusive reactivity detected in antibody screening and panel test by automated solid\u2010phase red cell adherence [abstract]","volume":"54","author":"Perry R","year":"2014","journal-title":"Transfusion"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","first-page":"SP287","article-title":"Nonspecific reactivity in automated solid\u2010phase testing [abstract]","volume":"54","author":"Harach ME","year":"2014","journal-title":"Transfusion"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2848","DOI":"10.3109\/14767058.2015.1107540","article-title":"Non\u2010specific red cell reactivity in an obstetric population","volume":"29","author":"Winden KR","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Matern Fetal Neonatal 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