{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T20:15:29Z","timestamp":1791231329983,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,22]],"date-time":"2017-06-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1498089600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010481","name":"Etablissement Fran\u00e7ais du Sang","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["EFS APR 2011-2014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EFS APR 2011-2014"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010481","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Association Recherche et Transfusion"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Transfusion"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title><jats:p>Red blood cell (RBC) Thomsen\u2010Friedenreich antigen exposure (T activation) in infants with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) has occasionally been associated with posttransfusional intravascular hemolysis thought to be due to anti\u2010T antibodies in the donor plasma.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p>We describe an infant with NEC and<jats:italic>Clostridium perfringens<\/jats:italic>infection complicated by severe hemolysis after plasma transfusion. After this case, infants with confirmed NEC were prospectively evaluated for T activation. We checked for hemolysis in patients with T activation receiving plasma\u2010containing blood products.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>The infant had received 80 mL of fresh\u2010frozen plasma (FFP). His RBCs displayed strong T activation, and agglutination was observed with four of six ABO\u2010compatible FFP units. A direct antiglobulin test was negative. IgM\u2010class anti\u2010T antibodies were present in small amounts (titer of 8) in the transfused FFP. Anti\u2010T antibodies from the blood donor were not hemolytic in vitro. In the prospective study, T activation was observed in three of 28 infants with NEC (11%). One infant presented moderate T activation and two infants presented very strong T activation but only moderate decreases in sialic acid expression on the RBC membrane. These three infants presented no signs of hemolysis after transfusion with unwashed blood products or FFP.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title><jats:p>Anti\u2010T antibodies are unlikely to be the etiologic factor for the hemolytic reactions observed in infants with NEC and T activation. Massive RBC desialylation and the direct action of bacterial toxins are more probable causes. Strict avoidance of plasma\u2010containing blood products does not seem justified in these infants.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.14196","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,23]],"date-time":"2017-06-23T03:40:54Z","timestamp":1498189254000},"page":"2571-2577","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Severe hemolysis after plasma transfusion in a neonate with necrotizing enterocolitis,<i>Clostridium perfringens<\/i>infection, and red blood cell T\u2010polyagglutination"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Julia","family":"Moh\u2010Klaren","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Etablissement Fran\u00e7ais du Sang (EFS) Ile\u2010de\u2010France Paris"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gwellaouen","family":"Bodivit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Etablissement Fran\u00e7ais du Sang (EFS) Ile\u2010de\u2010France Paris"},{"name":"INSERM U955, \u00c9quipe 2 \u201cTransfusion 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