{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T11:31:24Z","timestamp":1770895884177,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,5]],"date-time":"2017-09-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1504569600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Transfusion"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title><jats:p>With an increasing number of recognized transfusion\u2010transmitted (TT) babesiosis cases, <jats:italic>Babesia microti<\/jats:italic> is the most frequently TT parasite in the United States. We evaluated the inactivation of <jats:italic>B. microti<\/jats:italic> in red blood cells (RBCs) prepared in Optisol (AS\u20105) using amustaline and glutathione (GSH) and in platelet components (PCs) in 100% plasma using amotosalen and low\u2010energy ultraviolet A (UVA) light.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Individual RBCs and apheresis PCs were spiked with <jats:italic>B. microti<\/jats:italic>\u2013infected hamster RBCs (iRBCs) to a final concentration of 10<jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup> iRBCs\/mL and treated with the respective inactivation systems according to the manufacturer's instruction. Samples were collected before (control) and after (test) each treatment. Dilutions of the control samples to 10<jats:sup>\u22126<\/jats:sup> were inoculated into hamsters, while the test samples were inoculated neat or at 10<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> dilution. At 3 and 5 weeks postinoculation, hamsters were evaluated for <jats:italic>B. microti<\/jats:italic> infection by microscopic observation of blood smears and 50% infectivity titers (ID<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>) were determined. Log reduction was calculated as control log ID<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub> minus test log ID<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Parasitemia was detected in hamsters injected with as low as 100,000\u2010fold diluted control samples, while no parasites were detectable in the blood smears of any hamsters receiving neat test samples. Mean log reduction was more than 5 log\/mL by amustaline\/GSH for RBCs and more than 4.5 log\/mL by amotosalen\/UVA for PCs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>B. microti<\/jats:italic> was inactivated to the limit of detection in RBCs and PCs after the respective inactivation treatment. Complete inactivation of <jats:italic>B. microti<\/jats:italic> was achieved in this animal infectivity model, and pathogen reduction treatment inhibited transmission of infection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.14280","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,5]],"date-time":"2017-09-05T11:32:37Z","timestamp":1504611157000},"page":"2404-2412","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Inactivation of <i>Babesia microti<\/i> in red blood cells and platelet concentrates"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Laura","family":"Tonnetti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Affairs, American Red Cross Holland Laboratory Rockville Maryland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Laughhunn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cerus Corporation Concord California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aaron M.","family":"Thorp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Affairs, American Red Cross Holland Laboratory Rockville Maryland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Irina","family":"Vasilyeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Affairs, American Red Cross Holland Laboratory Rockville Maryland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kent","family":"Dupuis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cerus Corporation Concord California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adonis","family":"Stassinopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cerus Corporation Concord California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susan L.","family":"Stramer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Affairs, American Red Cross Holland Laboratory Rockville Maryland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1202018"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idc.2008.03.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2003.68.431"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1705.101334"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.29.1.1-4.1991"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.158.19.2149"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-155-8-201110180-00362"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40588-015-0025-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003387"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.12693"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1600897"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.13618"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2012.03948.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2009.02538.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a118408"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tmrv.2016.04.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11150\/kansenshogakuzasshi1970.73.1163"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01334-06"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(14)71046-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-015-0978-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5694\/mja11.11378"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.38.12.4511-4516.2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","first-page":"1721","article-title":"Transfusion\u2010transmitted babesiosis in Ontario: first reported case in Canada","volume":"164","author":"Kain KC","year":"2001","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2002.130644"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","unstructured":"CDC. 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