{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T18:06:41Z","timestamp":1761156401348},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,30]],"date-time":"2017-11-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1512000000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Foundation for Scientific Research of the Belgian Red Cross"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Transfusion"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title><jats:p>The purpose of a donor medical questionnaire is to identify the blood donor's history relative to the current known blood\u2010safety risks. A temporary deferral from blood donation after an endoscopic examination is enforced because of the reusable nature of the endoscope and close contact with the inner body. The objective of this systematic review was to find the best available evidence on the association between an endoscopic examination and the risk of transfusion\u2010transmissible infections.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Studies from five databases investigating the link between an endoscopic examination and transfusion\u2010transmissible infections (hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, human immunodeficiency virus infection, <jats:italic>Treponema pallidum<\/jats:italic>) were retained and assessed independently by two reviewers. The association between endoscopy and transfusion\u2010transmissible infections was identified by conducting meta\u2010analyses and calculating pooled effect measures (odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals). The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation methodology was used to assess the quality of evidence.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>We identified 7571 references and finally included 29 observational studies. A significant association between an endoscopic examination and hepatitis B virus infection (pooled odds ratio [OR], 2.21; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.26\u20103.86; p\u2009=\u20090.005) or hepatitis C virus infection (pooled OR 1.76, 95% CI, 1.45\u20102.14; p\u2009&lt;\u20090.00001) was found. The level of evidence was considered as \u201cvery low\u201d due to the type of study design (i.e., observational) and indirect study populations (i.e., no blood donor populations).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title><jats:p>An endoscopic examination is associated with an increased hepatitis B virus or hepatitis C virus infection risk. Further high\u2010quality trials are required to formulate stronger evidence\u2010based recommendations on endoscopic examination as a blood donor deferral criterion.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.14416","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,30]],"date-time":"2017-11-30T11:42:38Z","timestamp":1512042158000},"page":"507-519","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Is an endoscopic examination associated with transfusion\u2010transmissible infections? 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