{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T15:56:28Z","timestamp":1768319788878,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,15]],"date-time":"2018-02-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1518652800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81402733"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81402733"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003453","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2014A030311005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2014A030311005"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003453","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Transfusion"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title><jats:p>Natural killer (NK) cells are critical components in innate immune response to viral infection. Killer cell immunoglobulin\u2010like receptors (KIRs) are involved in regulating the balance of activation or inhibitory function of NK cells. However, the association of KIRs with the spontaneous clearance of hepatitis\u00a0C virus (HCV) remains unclear in the Chinese population.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 407 HCV\u2010seropositive voluntary blood donors were recruited, including 203 with spontaneous viral clearance and 204 with chronic infection. The presence of KIR genes was detected individually by polymerase chain reaction with sequence\u2010specific primers. Data of HLA and <jats:italic>interleukin\u201028B<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>IL28B<\/jats:italic>) genotypes were extracted from our previous study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our results showed that <jats:italic>KIR2DL2, 2DS2, 2DL2\/2DL3,<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>2DL5A\u2013\/2DL5B+<\/jats:italic> were more frequent in subjects with HCV clearance than those with chronic infection (odds ratio [OR], 1.640, p\u00a0=\u00a00.034; OR, 1.664, p<jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.032; OR, 1.636, p<jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.040; and OR, 2.601, p<jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.012, respectively). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that <jats:italic>KIR2DL5A\u2013\/2DL5B+<\/jats:italic> associated with HCV clearance (OR, 2.448, p<jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.027), independent of sex, <jats:italic>IL28B,<\/jats:italic> and other <jats:italic>KIRs<\/jats:italic>. In contrast, <jats:italic>KIR2DL3\/2DL3<\/jats:italic> (OR,\u00a00.610, p<jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.034) as well as <jats:italic>2DL3\/2DL3<\/jats:italic>+HLA\u2010C1 or C1C1 (OR, 0.580, p<jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.017; and OR, 0.639, p<jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.025, respectively) was found associated with chronic HCV infection. The presence of the homozygous <jats:italic>KIR2DL3<\/jats:italic> with or without its HLA ligand increased the OR of developing chronic HCV infection in the context of <jats:italic>IL28B<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this study we identified <jats:italic>KIR2DL5A\u2013\/2DL5B+<\/jats:italic> associated with HCV spontaneous clearance, while <jats:italic>KIR2DL3\/2DL3<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>2DL3\/2DL3<\/jats:italic>+HLA\u2010C1, or C1C1 associated with chronic infection. Our study highlighted the fact that the roles of KIR and KIR\u2010HLA contributed to the control of HCV infection by innate immune responses.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.14527","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,15]],"date-time":"2018-02-15T11:08:47Z","timestamp":1518692927000},"page":"1028-1035","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Association of killer cell immunoglobulin\u2010like receptors with spontaneous clearance of hepatitis C virus in the Chinese population"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Zhengang","family":"Shan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangzhou Blood Center"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2886-9344","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jieting","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangzhou Blood 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and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Weiyun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Transfusion Medicine, School of Biotechnology Southern Medical University; and"},{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command of PLA Guangzhou Guangdong China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kenrad","family":"Nelson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health Johns Hopkins University Baltimore Maryland."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yongshui","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangzhou Blood Center"},{"name":"Department of Transfusion Medicine, School of Biotechnology Southern Medical University; and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chengyao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Transfusion Medicine, School of Biotechnology Southern Medical University; and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xia","family":"Rong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangzhou Blood Center"},{"name":"Department of Transfusion Medicine, School of Biotechnology Southern Medical University; and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.26141"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","first-page":"888","article-title":"A sero\u2010epidemiological study on hepatitis C in China","volume":"32","author":"Chen YS","year":"2011","journal-title":"Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za 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