{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T04:32:00Z","timestamp":1792816320068,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,16]],"date-time":"2019-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1555372800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Transfusion"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title><jats:p>Transfusion\u2010related acute lung injury (TRALI) is a serious complication of blood transfusion and is among the leading causes of transfusion\u2010related morbidity and mortality in most developed countries. In the past decade, the pathophysiology of this potentially life\u2010threatening syndrome has been increasingly elucidated, large cohort studies have identified associated patient conditions and transfusion risk factors, and preventive strategies have been successfully implemented. These new insights provide a rationale for updating the 2004 consensus definition of TRALI.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p>An international expert panel used the Delphi methodology to develop a redefinition of TRALI by modifying and updating the 2004 definition. Additionally, the panel reviewed issues related to TRALI nomenclature, patient conditions associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and TRALI, TRALI pathophysiology, and standardization of reporting of TRALI cases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the redefinition, the term \u201cpossible TRALI\u201d has been dropped. The terminology of TRALI Type I (without an ARDS risk factor) and TRALI Type II (with an ARDS risk factor or with mild existing ARDS) is proposed. Cases with an ARDS risk factor that meet ARDS diagnostic criteria and where respiratory deterioration over the 12\u2009hours before transfusion implicates the risk factor as causative should be classified as ARDS. TRALI remains a clinical diagnosis and does not require detection of cognate white blood cell antibodies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Clinicians should report all cases of posttransfusion pulmonary edema to the transfusion service so that further investigation can allow for classification of such cases as TRALI (Type\u2009I or Type\u2009II), ARDS, transfusion\u2010associated circulatory overload (TACO), or TRALI or TACO cannot distinguish or an alternate diagnosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.15311","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,17]],"date-time":"2019-04-17T04:44:29Z","timestamp":1555476269000},"page":"2465-2476","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":196,"title":["A consensus redefinition of transfusion\u2010related acute lung injury"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Alexander P.J.","family":"Vlaar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care Medicine Academic Medical Center  Amsterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology (L.E.I.C.A.) 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