{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T11:20:40Z","timestamp":1788348040101,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,27]],"date-time":"2019-06-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1561593600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Transfusion"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Babesia microti<\/jats:italic>, a red blood cell (RBC) parasite transmitted naturally to vertebrate hosts by ixodid ticks, is endemic to the northeastern and upper midwestern United States, with the geographic range of infected ticks expanding. <jats:italic>B. microti<\/jats:italic> is a blood safety issue with &gt;200 transfusion\u2010transmissions reported.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p>The American Red Cross's Hemovigilance program investigated hospital\u2010reported transfusion\u2010transmitted babesiosis (TTB) cases. Follow\u2010up samples from involved donors were tested for <jats:italic>B. microti<\/jats:italic> antibodies and parasite DNA, the latter by real\u2010time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Test\u2010positive donors were permanently deferred from future donations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>B. microti<\/jats:italic>\u2010positive donors were implicated in 77 of 143 suspect TTB cases investigated from 2010 through 2017. In four cases, two positive donors were identified for a total of 81 positive donors. In three cases, a RBC unit was split and components transfused multiple times to the same pediatric recipient. RBCs were the transmitting product in all cases. At follow\u2010up, all involved donors were antibody positive; 25 donors were also PCR positive. Positive donations were collected throughout the year, peaking in the summer. Most donors (78) were resident of, or traveled to (2), an endemic state. One donor resided in a non\u2010endemic state without relevant travel history. One fatality listed babesia as a contributing factor. No implicated donation was screened by an investigational protocol.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Babesiosis remains a blood safety issue. Prior to FDA\u2010licensed screening test availability and final FDA Guidance, blood collectors in endemic states investigationally tested none, a portion, or all collections. Future expanded testing will reduce the frequency of TTB cases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.15425","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,28]],"date-time":"2019-06-28T04:44:55Z","timestamp":1561697095000},"page":"2908-2912","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Characteristics of transfusion\u2010transmitted <i>Babesia microti<\/i>, American Red Cross 2010\u20102017"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"59","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7735-8420","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"Tonnetti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Affairs, American Red Cross  Rockville and Gaithersburg Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca L.","family":"Townsend","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Affairs, American Red Cross  Rockville and Gaithersburg Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roger Y.","family":"Dodd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Affairs, American Red Cross  Rockville and Gaithersburg Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan L.","family":"Stramer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Affairs, American Red Cross  Rockville and Gaithersburg Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6717e1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp1807870"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2018.11.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tmrv.2016.04.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-155-8-201110180-00362"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.14476"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0193837"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.15043"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1600897"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2009.02317.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.14103"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","unstructured":"The 2011 National Blood Collection & Utilization Survey.https:\/\/www.hhs.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/ash\/bloodsafety\/2011-nbcus.pdf: HHS; 2011."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.14246"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tid.12741"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.14943"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tmrv.2019.01.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","unstructured":"MMWR: Summary of Notifiable Infection Disease.https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/mmwr\/mmwr_nd\/index.html: Center for Disease Control and Prevention."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5858\/arpa.2017-0250-RS"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","unstructured":"FDA Administration.Recommendations for reducing the risk of transfusion\u2010transmitted babesiosis [monograph on the Internet]; 2019. Available from:https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/regulatory-information\/search-fda-guidance-documents\/recommendations-reducing-risk-transfusion-transmitted-babesiosis."}],"container-title":["Transfusion"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Ftrf.15425","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/trf.15425","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/trf.15425","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/trf.15425","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,9]],"date-time":"2023-09-09T02:22:52Z","timestamp":1694226172000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/trf.15425"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,27]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/trf.15425"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/trf.15425","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0041-1132","1537-2995"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0041-1132","type":"print"},{"value":"1537-2995","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-04-15","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-06-03","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-06-27","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}