{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T01:47:39Z","timestamp":1789523259328,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,7]],"date-time":"2020-01-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1578355200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HHSN26800002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HHSN26800002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HHSN26800003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HHSN26800003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HHSN268201100002I"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HHSN268201100002I"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HHSN268201100009I"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HHSN268201100009I"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Transfusion"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title><jats:p>Globally, data on antenatal blood transfusion practices are scarce. We sought to characterize the epidemiology of antenatal transfusion in South Africa.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p>A cross\u2010sectional study was conducted of women who were transfused during pregnancy (&gt;48\u2009hr before anticipated delivery) at two hospitals in Durban and Soweto in 2014 to 2015. Medical record data on demographics, obstetric history, anemia, HIV status, and indications for blood transfusion were abstracted.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>The records on a total of 560 transfused pregnant women were evaluated; mean age was 28\u2009years, 98% were of black African ethnicity, and 28% were HIV positive. At time of transfusion, one\u2010half were in the first trimester. Hemorrhage was noted in 76% of women, most of which was associated with abortion (67%) or ectopic pregnancy (27%). Most women were transfused with red blood cells (RBCs; median, 2 units); 14% of women were transfused with plasma and 2% with platelets. Median pre\u2010 and posttransfusion hemoglobin levels were 6.9 g\/dL and 9.2 g\/dL, respectively; the latter differed by hospital (8.7 g\/dL vs. 9.5\u2009g\/dL; p\u2009&lt;\u20090.01). Hemorrhage was associated with missing HIV status, lower gestational age, and transfusion of 3 or more RBC units (all p\u2009&lt;\u20090.01). In contrast, diagnoses of anemia (Soweto only) were associated with HIV infection, later gestational age, and lower (&lt;3 units) RBC dose (all p\u2009&lt;\u20090.01).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title><jats:p>Abortion and ectopic pregnancy with associated hemorrhage were the leading indications for antenatal transfusion and were concentrated in early gestation. By contrast, anemia was associated with HIV infection and transfusion in the third trimester.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.15661","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,7]],"date-time":"2020-01-07T13:07:45Z","timestamp":1578402465000},"page":"479-487","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Antenatal blood transfusion in South Africa: indications and practice in a high\u2010HIV\u2010prevalence setting"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"60","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8181-9517","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Evan M.","family":"Bloch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine  Baltimore Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Hull","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital  Soweto South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Randolph","family":"Green\u2010Thompson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology King Edward Hospital  Durban South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charlotte","family":"Ingram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"South African National Blood Service  Johannesburg South Africa"},{"name":"South African Bone Marrow Registry  Cape Town South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert L.","family":"Crookes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cryo\u2010Save  Pretoria South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan","family":"Fawcus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Mowbray Maternity Hospital  Cape Town South Africa"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Groote Schuur Hospital  Cape Town South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Anthony","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Groote Schuur Hospital  Cape Town South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lauren","family":"Courtney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RTI International  Rockville Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1063-6155","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nareg","family":"Roubinian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kaiser Permanente Northern California Division of Research  Oakland California"},{"name":"Vitalant Research Institute  San Francisco California"},{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine University of California San Francisco  San Francisco California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam","family":"Jauregui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vitalant Research Institute  San Francisco California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joan F.","family":"Hilton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology &amp; Biostatistics University of California San Francisco  San Francisco California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edward L.","family":"Murphy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vitalant Research Institute  San Francisco California"},{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine University of California San Francisco  San Francisco California"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology &amp; Biostatistics University of California San Francisco  San Francisco California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"for the NHLBI REDS\u2010III South Africa Program","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2008.01866.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tmrv.2011.07.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.14949"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","unstructured":"Saving mothers 2017: annual report on confidential inquiries into maternal death in South Africa. 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