{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T06:12:30Z","timestamp":1784873550778,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,22]],"date-time":"2020-02-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1582329600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Transfusion"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title><jats:p>Several approaches are used by blood centers when providing minor (non\u2010ABO\/D) antigen\u2010negative RBCs to hospitals. Details vary but include providing results on the unit labeling intended for clinical use without retyping or providing results on packing documents or via computer query requiring confirmation. Recent regulatory changes allow labeling with historical minor antigen results, defined as previously performed by the donor center on two different donations with results linked to the donor and confirmed concordant. Here we investigate causes of discrepancies and identify critical process steps.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Nine years (2009\u20102017) of data were reviewed for number, antigen system, and root cause of discrepancies flagged by the computer when retyping donors prior to labeling (internal discrepancies) or reported by the hospital when retested (external discrepancies). Licensed automated (CcEeK) and tube methods were used.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Among 300,000 samples phenotyped for CcEe, K, Fy<jats:sup>a\/b<\/jats:sup>, Jk<jats:sup>a\/b<\/jats:sup>, Ss (&gt;3 million antigens), \u223c1,389,960 were repeated on 2nd donation with 397 (1\/3501) discordant; 205 Fy, 118 Rh, and 74 others. Of \u223c682,691 antigen\u2010negative phenotypes provided on unit labeling, \u223c37.5% (256,118) were retyped by hospitals with 29 discrepancies (1\/8832), primarily Rh variants.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title><jats:p>When repeating minor antigen types by serology, discrepancies are primarily associated with weak Fy<jats:sup>b<\/jats:sup>, among Caucasian donors, and weak\/partial Rh antigens in donors of African ancestry. DNA\u2010based testing avoids these. To label with historical results, accuracy is increased by automated testing with direct computer interface. Testing on two donations with results confirmed to be concordant is not inferior to testing on the current donation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.15699","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,22]],"date-time":"2020-02-22T16:57:42Z","timestamp":1582390662000},"page":"822-830","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Reliability of labeling red cell units with minor antigen historical results and process considerations"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Helene","family":"DePalma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"New York Blood Center  New York New York"},{"name":"York College\u2010City University of New York  Jamaica New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth A.","family":"Godbey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New York Blood Center  New York New York"},{"name":"Department of Pathology Virginia Commonwealth University  Richmond Virginia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Opalka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New York Blood Center  New York New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahdokht","family":"Parsi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New York Blood Center  New York New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sunitha","family":"Vege","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New York Blood Center  New York New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine","family":"Lomas\u2010Francis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New York Blood Center  New York New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1929-4593","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Connie M.","family":"Westhoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New York Blood Center  New York New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2011-11-327361"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2013-03-490623"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2012.03819.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.14282"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1537-2995.2002.00234.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.13380"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.13069"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.13150"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.14021"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.15033"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","unstructured":"FDA. Blood Products Advisory Committee 105th Meeting December 4 2012 [monograph on the Internet]. Rockville MD: 2012. Available from:https:\/\/wayback.archive\u2010it.org\/7993\/20170113014716\/http:\/\/www.fda.gov\/downloads\/AdvisoryCommittees\/CommitteesMeetingMaterials\/BloodVaccinesandOtherBiologics\/BloodProductsAdvisoryCommittee\/UCM330157.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","volume-title":"Standards for Blood Banks and Transfusion Services","author":"AABB","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","volume-title":"Standards for Blood Banks and Transfusion Services","author":"AABB","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","volume-title":"Standards for Blood Banks and Transfusion Services","author":"AABB","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","unstructured":"FDA. Labeling of red blood cell units with historical antigen typing results [monograph on the Internet]. 2018. Available from:https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/regulatory-information\/search-fda-guidance-documents\/labeling-red-blood-cell-units-historical-antigen-typing-results"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2011.03144.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.13225"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V92.6.2147"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","first-page":"142A","article-title":"Evaluation of two monoclonal anti\u2010e as reagents for the detection of the Rh e antigen and its variants","volume":"57","author":"Denomme GA","year":"2017","journal-title":"Transfusion"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2012.03800.x"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","article-title":"Reactivity of immune antibodies with donor RBCs labeled as antigen\u2010negative but positive for altered\/partial antigen expression","volume":"58","author":"Kirkegaard J","year":"2018","journal-title":"Transfusion"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.13377"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.12250"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","volume-title":"Technical Manual","author":"Fung MK","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2007.01305.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2002-01-0229"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","volume-title":"The Blood Group Antigen FACTS Book","author":"Reid ME","year":"2012"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","article-title":"Historical test results: process considerations for labeling red cells with non\u2010ABO\/D antigens","volume":"58","author":"DePalma H","year":"2018","journal-title":"Transfusion"}],"container-title":["Transfusion"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/trf.15699","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/trf.15699","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/trf.15699","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,11]],"date-time":"2025-08-11T12:44:41Z","timestamp":1754916281000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/trf.15699"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,22]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/trf.15699"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/trf.15699","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0041-1132","1537-2995"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0041-1132","type":"print"},{"value":"1537-2995","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-09-19","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-01-16","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-02-22","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}