{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T05:56:30Z","timestamp":1792043790138,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,15]],"date-time":"2020-02-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1581724800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Transfusion"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title><jats:p>Blood donors represent a healthy population, whose red blood cell (RBC) alloantibody persistence or evanescence kinetics may differ from those of immunocompromised patients. A better understanding of the biologic factors impacting antibody persistence is warranted, as the presence of alloantibodies may impact donor health and the fate of the donated blood product.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Donor\/donation data collected from four US blood centers from 2012 to 2016 as part of the Recipient Epidemiology and Donor Evaluation Study\u2010III (REDS\u2010III) were analyzed. Clinically significant antibodies from blood donors with more than one donation who underwent at least one follow\u2010up antibody screen after the initial antibody identification were included. Of 632,378 blood donors, 481 (128 males and 353 females) fit inclusion criteria.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Antibody screens detected 562 alloantibodies, with 368 of 562 (65%) of antibodies being persistently detected and with 194 of 562 (35%) becoming evanescent. Factors associated with antibody persistence included antibody specificity, detection at the first donation, reported history of transfusion, and detection of multiple antibodies concurrently. Anti\u2010D, C, and Fy<jats:sup>a<\/jats:sup> were most likely to persist, while anti\u2010M, Jk<jats:sup>a<\/jats:sup>, and S were most frequently evanescent.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title><jats:p>These data provide insight into variables impacting the duration of antibody detection, and they may also influence blood donor center policies regarding donor recruitment\/acceptance.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.15718","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,15]],"date-time":"2020-02-15T05:14:07Z","timestamp":1581743647000},"page":"831-839","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["The evanescence and persistence of RBC alloantibodies in blood donors"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Ronald G.","family":"Hauser","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale University Department of Laboratory Medicine  New Haven Connecticut"},{"name":"Department of Pathology &amp; Laboratory Medicine Service Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System  West Haven Connecticut"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Denise","family":"Esserman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics Yale School of Public Health  New Haven Connecticut"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7533-6842","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew S.","family":"Karafin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Versiti  Milwaukee Wisconsin"},{"name":"Department of Pathology &amp; Laboratory Medicine Medical College of Wisconsin  Milwaukee Wisconsin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sylvia","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RTI International  Rockville Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7943-5597","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raisa","family":"Balbuena\u2010Merle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale University Department of Laboratory Medicine  New Haven Connecticut"},{"name":"Department of Pathology &amp; Laboratory Medicine Service Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System  West Haven Connecticut"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bryan R.","family":"Spencer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale University Department of Laboratory Medicine  New Haven Connecticut"},{"name":"American Red Cross Scientific Affairs  Dedham Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1063-6155","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nareg H.","family":"Roubinian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine University of California  San Francisco California"},{"name":"Blood Systems Research Institute  San Francisco California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8410-4349","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yanyun","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale University Department of Laboratory Medicine  New Haven Connecticut"},{"name":"Bloodworks Northwest  Seattle Washington"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Darrell J.","family":"Triulzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pittsburgh and Vitalant  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steve","family":"Kleinman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine University of British Columbia  Vancouver British Columbia Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jerome L.","family":"Gottschall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Versiti  Milwaukee Wisconsin"},{"name":"Department of Pathology &amp; 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Fatalities reported to the FDA following blood collection [Internet]. Rockville (MD): FDA. [cited 2019 Nov 17]. 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